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アマゾンの森林における火災の発生率,REDDへの影響
Luiz E O C Aragão1, Yosio E Shimabukuro
1Landscape and Ecosystems Dynamics Group, School of Geography, University of Exeter, Amory Building, Rennes Drive, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4RJ, UK. l.aragao@exeter.ac.uk
まとめ
森林破壊と劣化 (REDD) による排出量の削減は,火災のリスクを増やす可能性があります. REDDプロジェクトにおける無火土地管理の実施は,火災発生率を大幅に削減し,火災排出量の増加に炭素の節約が失われることを防ぐことができます.
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 気候変動研究 気候変動研究
- 林業管理について 林業管理
背景:
- 森林破壊と退廃による排出量削減 (REDD) は,気候変動の緩和策の1つである.
- REDDが火災の危険性および関連する炭素排出量に与える影響については,依然として十分に理解されていません.
- 火災発生率の増加は,森林伐採の減少による炭素収縮の利点を相殺することができます.
研究 の 目的:
- 森林伐採の減少率とブラジルのアマゾンで発生する火災との関係を調査する.
- 森林破壊地域における火災発生の軽減における,火災のない土地管理の効果を定量化する.
- REDDイニシアチブの全体的な炭素バランスに対する火災排出量の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- ブラジルのアマゾンの森林破壊と火災発生に関する衛星データ分析.
- 森林破壊の割合が異なる地域における火災発生頻度の比較.
- 火災のない土地管理戦略を評価するために,土地利用の傾斜の検討.
主要な成果:
- 森林伐採が減った地域の59%で火災発生が増加した.
- 火災のない土地の管理により,火災発生率が69%まで大幅に減少することが示されました.
- 防火管理の有効性は,異なる土地利用の梯度によって異なっていた.
結論:
- REDDのメカニズムは,持続可能な土地管理と結びつけられなければ,意図せずに火災リスクを増加させる可能性があります.
- REDDの完全な炭素効果を実現するには,火災のない土地管理を採用することが不可欠です.
- 火災管理を統合しないことにより,森林伐採を回避した炭素削減が部分的に否定される可能性があります.
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