ATM トランスクリプションの沈黙のベールを作り出します
Michael S Y Huen1, Junjie Chen
1Genome Stability Research Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, L1, Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong S.A.R.
Cell
|June 17, 2010
まとめ
ATMキナーゼは,DNA損傷反応において重要な役割を果たします. Shanbhag et al. シャンバグとその仲間たち (2010) は,ATM がDNAの二重鎖の断裂の近くでの転写を防ぐことを発見し,DNA修復メカニズムに関する新しい洞察を提供しました.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) キナーゼは,DNA損傷に対する細胞反応の重要な調節体である.
- ATMが分子レベルでどのように機能するかを理解することは,ゲノムの安定性を理解するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- DNA二重鎖の断裂の周辺の転写を調節するATMキナーゼの役割を調査する.
- ATMがDNA損傷応答中の遺伝子発現ダイナミクスにどのように影響するか解明する.
主な方法:
- 単細胞における転写とDNA損傷反応の同時モニタリング.
- 先進的な顕微鏡と分子生物学技術を活用して,細胞の出来事をリアルタイムで追跡します.
主要な成果:
- ATMキナーゼの活動は,DNA二重鎖の断裂の場所の近くの転写を抑制するために不可欠です.
- Shanbhag et al. シャンバグとその仲間たち (2010) は,損傷したクロマチンの転写を積極的に防止するATMの新しい機能を実証しました.
結論:
- ATMキナーゼは,DNA損傷への反応として,転写活性を調節する上で,これまで認識されていない役割を果たしています.
- この発見は,DNA修復経路と遺伝子発現の調節の複雑な相互作用のより深い理解を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes
Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure. Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
Bacterial Transcription
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors
Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a DNA...
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a DNA...
Master Transcription Regulators
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
Master Transcription Regulators
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
Transcription
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...


