カウントダウン・トゥ・2015 十年報告書 (2000~2010):母,新生児,子供の生存率の評価
Zulfiqar A Bhutta1, Mickey Chopra, Henrik Axelson
1Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. zulfiqar.bhutta@aku.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|June 24, 2010
まとめ
母親と子供の生存への介入は,ミレニアム開発目標 (MDGs) に向かって様々な進展を示しています. いくつかの国が幼児死亡率の減少を加速している一方で,新生児と妊産婦の死亡率は依然として高く,介入範囲における不平等が持続しています.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 母親と子供の健康について
- 公共衛生政策 公共衛生政策
背景:
- 2015年までのカウントダウンイニシアチブは,母,新生児,子供の生存のための介入の進展を追跡しました.
- ミレニアム開発目標 (MDGs) の達成と,幼児死亡率と母親の健康に関する目標の達成に焦点を当てました.
- 分析は,1990年から2010年にかけて,68の重負担国における26の主要な介入を対象とした.
研究 の 目的:
- 優先度の高い母,新生児,子供の生存のための介入の範囲の進展を評価する.
- MDG4に向けて進んでいる国を特定し,死亡率削減の傾向を分析する.
- 介入範囲の格差と保健システムの影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- カウントダウン優先国の68カ国で1990年から2010年にかけての介入カバーデータに関するレビュー.
- 5歳未満の死亡率の減少の年間率の分析.
- 提供プラットフォーム (地域対保健システム) に基づく介入範囲の比較.
主要な成果:
- 19カ国はMDG4の軌道上にあり,47カ国は死亡率の減少が加速し,12カ国は減速した.
- 新生児死亡率の削減における遅い進歩と,高い,持続的な母子の死亡率が観察されました.
- 介入範囲の大きな格差は,国内および国間では依然として存在していたが,一部の不平等は減少した.
結論:
- 集中的な介入によって,社会経済的および性別に基づく不平等を減らすことができる.
- コミュニティベースの介入は,機能的な保健システムに依存しているものよりも高いカバー率を示しました.
- 母親と新生児の健康,家族計画,出産ケア,子供の病気の管理などに緊急の改善が必要である.
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