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生体内での干渉に対する感受性は,高い騒音を暗示し,皮質のレートコーディングを示唆する
Michael London1, Arnd Roth, Lisa Beeren
1Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research and Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Nature
|July 3, 2010
まとめ
神経の活動は,小さな干渉を放大して,固有のノイズを作り出します. これは,脳が複雑なシグナルイベントに依存するのではなく,主に信頼性の高いニューラル計算のためのレートコードを使用することを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 計算神経科学とは
背景:
- 神経活動の変動は既知の現象ですが,騒音や情報としての解釈は議論の余地があります.
- 神経の変動の源と意味を理解することは,脳の機能を解読する上で極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 皮質ネットワークの小さな乱れが増幅されるかどうかを調査する.
- この増幅がニューラル・コーディングと情報処理に及ぼす影響を判断する.
主な方法:
- ネズミのバレルの皮質における全細胞パッチクランプのインビヴォ記録.
- 同時に細胞内および細胞外を記録する.
- 神経ネットワークのダイナミクスの理論的分析.
主要な成果:
- 1つのニューロンの単一の余分なスパイクは,ポストシナプス標的で約28の追加のスパイクをもたらしました.
- 単一のニューロンピークは,局所ネットワークの発射速度の検出可能な増加を引き起こしました.
- 増幅により,刺激に依存しない内在的な膜ポテンシャル変動 (+/-2.2-4.5 mV) が起こり,騒音として解釈されます.
結論:
- 皮質ネットワークは,神経活動障害の有意な増幅を示しています.
- この増幅は内在的なノイズを生成し,シンファイアチェーンのような複雑なシグナリングイベントは珍しいことを示唆しています.
- 発見は,皮質が主に信頼性の高いニューラル計算のためのレートコードを採用するという仮説を裏付けている.
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