ソーシャル・ラーニングは,コモンズを管理するための制度を推進します
Karl Sigmund1, Hannelore De Silva, Arne Traulsen
1Faculty of Mathematics, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. karl.sigmund@univie.ac.at
Nature
|July 16, 2010
まとめ
新しい制裁戦略であるプール罰は,二次フリーライダーを抑止することによって,協力の安定性を高めます. この方法は,二次的な制裁が適用されている場合,仲間の処罰よりも効果的であることが証明され,強力な共同努力のために効率性を交換します.
科学分野:
- 社会科学 社会科学とは
- 行動経済学は,行動経済学である.
- ゲーム理論はゲーム理論である.
背景:
- 費用のかかる罰は,協力にとって不可欠ですが,出現と安定性において課題に直面しています.
- 二等級のフリーライダーは,貢献を制裁することを回避することによって,協同組合制度を脅かす.
- 現存するモデルでは,如何に刑罰者が脱北者社会に侵入するかを説明するのに苦労している.
研究 の 目的:
- ピア・刑罰の有効性を,新しいプール・刑罰戦略と比較する.
- 協力的な取り組みを促進する制裁機関の安定性を調査する.
- 異なる処罰メカニズムが協力関係を維持する条件を決定する.
主な方法:
- ピア・刑罰とプール・刑罰のダイナミクスを比較する理論モデルとシミュレーション.
- 社会的学習と自然選択のシナリオにおける刑罰者の侵入基準の分析.
- 協力の安定性に対する二次罰の影響の評価.
主要な成果:
- プール罰は,第2位のフリーライダーを効果的に罰し,安定性を高めます.
- ピア・刑罰は,二次的な制裁なしのプール・刑罰を上回る.
- プール罰は,二次罰が適用されたときに,ピア罰よりも優位になります.
- プールの罰則モデルでは,効率よりも安定性が優先される.
結論:
- プール罰は,利他主義や外部当局に頼ることなく,協力を強制するための安定したメカニズムを提供します.
- 原始的な制裁制度は,プール罰のようなメカニズムを通じて,出現し,安定し続けることができます.
- この研究は,協力的な処罰システムにおける効率性と安定性の間のトレードオフを示しています.
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