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一卵性双生児とその母親の糞便の微生物群に含まれるウイルス
Alejandro Reyes1, Matthew Haynes, Nicole Hanson
1Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63108, USA.
Nature
|July 16, 2010
まとめ
人間の腸内ウイルス群は,親族間で共有される細菌群とは異なり,個人に特有である. それにもかかわらず,個々のウイルス群は時間とともに安定し,温帯のファグがほとんどを占める.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 人間の微生物群は,
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
背景:
- 人間の腸内のウイルスの多様性と生命周期は,ほとんど理解されていません.
- ファージは,ヒトの微生物群と,その干渉に対する反応のシグネチャーとして機能する.
研究 の 目的:
- 人間の腸内ウイルス群の多様性と安定性を調査する.
- 遺伝的関係と時間に関して,ウイルス群と細菌群を比較する.
主な方法:
- 単一卵性双生児とその母親の排泄物サンプルから1年以上に渡ってウイルスのような粒子 (ウイルス体) の配列化.
- バクテリアの16SリボソームRNA遺伝子データと全便DNAとの比較.
主要な成果:
- ウイルス群は,遺伝的関係 (双子/母親) にかかわらず,個人に特異的です.
- バクテリアのコミュニティは,関連する個体間でより大きな類似性を示します.
- 個々のウイルス群は多様性が低く,安定性が高い (>1年以上の95%保持率).
- ウイルス群は,遺伝的に安定した温帯のファグがほとんどを占める.
結論:
- 人間の腸ウイルスは高度にパーソナライズされ,時間とともに安定しています.
- 他の生態系に共通する捕食性ウイルス-微生物のダイナミクスは,人間の腸のディスタル部には存在しないようです.
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