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関連する概念動画

Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion01:10

Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion

In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. He formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe.
Polish astronomer Nikolaus Copernicus put forth a theory that stated a heliocentric model for the solar system. According to this heliocentric theory, all the planets, including Earth, orbit the Sun in circular orbits.
On the other hand,...
Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion01:29

Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion

In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. His first law states that all planets orbit the Sun in an elliptical orbit, with the Sun at one of the ellipse's foci. Therefore, the distance of a planet from the Sun varies throughout its revolution around the Sun.
While in an elliptical orbit, the total energy of the planet is conserved. Therefore, the planet slows down when it is at apogee and...
Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion01:18

Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion

In the early 17th century, German astronomer and mathematician Johannes Kepler postulated three laws for the motion of planets in the solar system. In 1909, he formulated his first two laws based on the observations of his forebears, Nikolaus Copernicus and Tycho Brahe. However, in 1918, he published his third law of planetary motion, which gives a precise mathematical relationship between a planet's average distance from the Sun and the amount of time it takes to revolve around the Sun. It...
Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon01:21

Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon

No object with a finite mass can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. This fact has an interesting consequence in the domain of extremely high gravitational fields.
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape velocity with the...
Detection of Black Holes01:10

Detection of Black Holes

Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
Gravitation Between Spherically Symmetric Masses01:14

Gravitation Between Spherically Symmetric Masses

The gravitational potential energy between two spherically symmetric bodies can be calculated from the masses and the distance between the bodies, assuming that the center of mass is concentrated at the respective centers of the bodies.

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 11, 2026

Laboratory Drop Towers for the Experimental Simulation of Dust-aggregate Collisions in the Early Solar System
09:44

Laboratory Drop Towers for the Experimental Simulation of Dust-aggregate Collisions in the Early Solar System

Published on: June 5, 2014

熱いコンパクトな塵の円盤が,巨大な若い恒星物体の周りを回っている.

Stefan Kraus1, Karl-Heinz Hofmann, Karl M Menten

  • 1Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, 500 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48103, USA. stefankr@umich.edu

Nature
|July 16, 2010
PubMed
まとめ

天文学者は,巨大な若い恒星の周りのコンパクトで塵に満ちた円盤を観測し,大規模な恒星形成における蓄積円盤モデルへの証拠を提供しました. この発見は,太陽の10倍以上の質量を持つ恒星の形成の代替経路を示唆した以前の理論に異議を唱えている.

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Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas
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Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

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Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
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Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Laboratory Drop Towers for the Experimental Simulation of Dust-aggregate Collisions in the Early Solar System
09:44

Laboratory Drop Towers for the Experimental Simulation of Dust-aggregate Collisions in the Early Solar System

Published on: June 5, 2014

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas
07:54

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

Published on: April 3, 2018

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

科学分野:

  • 天体物理学 天体物理学
  • 恒星の進化について
  • スター・フォーメーション

背景:

  • 星周円盤は低質量恒星形成の鍵である.
  • >10太陽質量以上の恒星の形成における蓄積円盤の役割は,放射線圧力により議論されている.
  • 代替的な理論には,恒星の融合や複雑なインフォール幾何学が含まれます.

研究 の 目的:

  • 巨大な恒星の形成方法を調査するために.
  • 巨大な若い恒星物体の周りの蓄積円盤の観測的証拠を探すために.
  • 高質量恒星形成に蓄積円盤パラダイムの適用性をテストする.

主な方法:

  • 近赤外線インターフェロメトリック観測を用いた.
  • 高質量若い恒星物体 (約20太陽質量) の周りの熱い物質の分布を空間的に解明しました.
  • 円盤構造と温度梯度を分析するために,幾何学および物理モデルを適用した.

主要な成果:

  • 大型の若い恒星物体の周りに,コンパクトで塵の多い円盤構造 (13 x 19 AU) が解明されました.
  • 円盤は,塵のない内部領域 (<9.5 AU) を有する放射性温度梯度を示した.
  • 円盤平面に垂直に弓の衝撃を持つ双極流出が検出されました.

結論:

  • 観測された構造は,45度の傾きで観測された円盤と一致しています.
  • 円盤の性質は,低質量恒星形成で見られるものに似ています.
  • この発見は,巨大な恒星の形成のための蓄積円盤モデルを支持する.