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関連する概念動画

Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches01:23

Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches

Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
tRNA Activation02:26

tRNA Activation

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...
tRNA Activation02:26

tRNA Activation

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

NMR-Based Activity Assays for Determining Compound Inhibition, IC50 Values, Artifactual Activity, and Whole-Cell Activity of Nucleoside Ribohydrolases
10:24

NMR-Based Activity Assays for Determining Compound Inhibition, IC50 Values, Artifactual Activity, and Whole-Cell Activity of Nucleoside Ribohydrolases

Published on: June 30, 2019

クラスIbのリボヌクレオチド還元酵素の活性化のための構造的基礎.

Amie K Boal1, Joseph A Cotruvo, JoAnne Stubbe

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 7, 2010
PubMed
まとめ

E. coli のクラスIb リボヌクレオチド還元酵素は,マンガンまたは鉄のコファクターを使用しています. 構造研究は,異なる活性化経路と,NrdIタンパク質を含む,マンガンのコファクター組成のための主要な経路を明らかにします.

科学分野:

  • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
  • 構造生物学 構造生物学とは
  • 酵素学 酵素学とは

背景:

  • エシェリキア・コレイ菌からのクラスIbのリボヌクレオチド還元酵素 (RNR) は,ニュクレオチド還元のためにMn(III) 2-チロシル基 (Y•) またはFe(III) 2-Y•コファクターを使用します.
  • 鉄のコファクター組成はO2で自発的ですが,マンガンのコファクター活性化には,減少したフラボタンパク質NrdIが必要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • クラスIbのRNRにおけるコファクター活性化の基礎となる構造的メカニズムを解明する.
  • マンガンのコファクターの組み立てにおけるNrdIの役割を調査する.

主な方法:

  • E. coli Mn(II) 2-NrdFとFe(II) 2-NrdFのX線結晶学が実施されました.
  • 還元され,酸化されたNrdI.Fと複合したMn(II) 2-NrdFの構造分析.
  • 反応中間物質の結晶学的検出.

主要な成果:

  • Mn(II) 2-NrdFとFe(II) 2-NrdFの異なる調整環境が観察され,異なる酸化物質結合部位を示唆しました.
  • 連続したチャネルが特定され,NrdIフラビン共因子をMn(II) 2-NrdFのMn(II) 2-NrdFの活性部位に接続しました.

さらに関連する動画

High-throughput Purification of Affinity-tagged Recombinant Proteins
07:44

High-throughput Purification of Affinity-tagged Recombinant Proteins

Published on: August 26, 2012

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis
09:04

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

NMR-Based Activity Assays for Determining Compound Inhibition, IC50 Values, Artifactual Activity, and Whole-Cell Activity of Nucleoside Ribohydrolases
10:24

NMR-Based Activity Assays for Determining Compound Inhibition, IC50 Values, Artifactual Activity, and Whole-Cell Activity of Nucleoside Ribohydrolases

Published on: June 30, 2019

High-throughput Purification of Affinity-tagged Recombinant Proteins
07:44

High-throughput Purification of Affinity-tagged Recombinant Proteins

Published on: August 26, 2012

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis
09:04

Studying Ribonucleotide Incorporation: Strand-specific Detection of Ribonucleotides in the Yeast Genome and Measuring Ribonucleotide-induced Mutagenesis

Published on: July 26, 2018

  • このチャネル内で推定される過酸化物中間物質が検出され,提案された触媒機構をサポートしました.

    • 結論:

    • 発見は,クラスIb RNRのマンガンと鉄のコファクターの活性化のための明確な構造的経路を明らかにします.
    • NrdI媒介のマンガンのコファクタアセンブリは,酸化物質の移転と中間物質の形成を促進する直接チャネルを含んでいます.