新しく発生した病気により,北米でよく見られるコウモリ種の地域的な集団崩壊が起こります
Winifred F Frick1, Jacob F Pollock, Alan C Hicks
1Center for Ecology and Conservation Biology (CECB), Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA. wfrick@batresearch.org
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 7, 2010
まとめ
白鼻症候群 (White-nose syndrome, WNS) は,北米に広がり,人口を大幅に減少させている致命的なコウモリ病です. この新興の野生生物病は,小さな茶色のミオティスのような種を絶滅に脅かしています.
科学分野:
- 獣医学病理学 獣医学病理学について
- 野生生物の生態学 野生生物の生態学
- 保護生物学とは,自然保護の生物学です.
背景:
- 白鼻症候群 (White-nose syndrome, WNS) は,冬眠中のコウモリに影響を与える新興感染症である.
- 2006年に初めて確認されたWNSは,北米東部の広範な死亡率を引き起こしました.
- この病気は,複数のコウモリ種の急激な人口減少の原因となっている.
研究 の 目的:
- 白鼻症候群の発生と急速な拡散を記録する.
- WNSがコウモリ集団,特に小さな茶色のミオティスに及ぼす影響を評価する.
- 新しい野生生物病の生態学的影響を強調する.
主な方法:
- ハイバーナキュラにおけるコウモリ集団の観察研究.
- WNS.の影響を受ける地理的広がりと種をモニタリングする.
- 絶滅のリスクを予測するための人口モデリング.
主要な成果:
- WNSは北米東部に急速に広がり,少なくとも7種のコウモリに感染しています.
- 大量死亡事件は冬の冬眠中に発生しています.
- Myotis lucifugusの地域的な絶滅の予測とともに,人口の大幅な崩壊が観察されています.
結論:
- 白鼻症候群は,北米のコウモリ集団に深刻な脅威をもたらしています.
- 病気による死亡率は,生態学的不均衡を引き起こしています.
- 新しい病気は,素朴な野生生物集団と生態系の完全性に壊滅的な影響を及ぼします.
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