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The Successive Alleys Test of Anxiety in Mice and Rats
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不安な気質の桃体と海馬の基底は,その遺伝性によって異なる
Jonathan A Oler1, Andrew S Fox, Steven E Shelton
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53719, USA.
Nature
|August 13, 2010
まとめ
若いサルにおける不安気質 (AT) は,特定の脳の領域と関連しています. 遺伝的要因は海馬に影響するが,桃体は影響しないので,不安リスクに対する遺伝的および環境的影響が多様であることを示唆している.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 行動遺伝学 行動遺伝学
- プリマトロジー・プリマトロジー学
背景:
- 不安な気質 (AT) は,精神病理学を予測する初期の生活特質です.
- ATの神経基盤と遺伝性を理解することは,早期の介入に不可欠です.
- 子供をATやその基礎となる脳システムに誘発する要因は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- rhesus猿のATの神経回路を特徴づけるために.
- ATの遺伝性とそれに関連した脳活動を見極めるために.
- 主要な脳領域における遺伝的および環境的影響の差異を調査する.
主な方法:
- 多世代血統から238匹の若きレサス猿を研究した.
- 高解像度 (18) Fラベル付きデオキシグルコース正陽子放出トモグラフィー (FDG-PET) を使用して脳の代謝活動を評価しました.
- ATを誘発するエソロジカルな条件の中で,同時に行動と脳活動を測定した.
主要な成果:
- アミグダラの中央核と前海馬は,ATを予測する重要な神経成分です.
- ATフェノタイプと海馬の代謝活動において,有意な遺伝性が認められた.
- ATを予測する桃体活動が有意に遺伝的ではなかったが,地域によって遺伝性が異なっていた.
結論:
- アミグダラとヒッポキャンプスは,ATを媒介する上で異なる役割を果たします.
- 異なる遺伝子と環境の影響は,ATにおけるこれらの脳領域を形作る.
- 発見は,不安やうつ病のリスクに対するさまざまな貢献を強調しています.
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