甲状腺上皮細胞を皮膚の多能幹細胞にマイクロ環境的に再プログラムする
Paola Bonfanti1, Stéphanie Claudinot, Alessandro W Amici
1Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nature
|August 21, 2010
まとめ
研究者らは,甲状腺上皮細胞 (TECs) が皮膚の微環境にさらされると,その運命を変化させ,毛の幹細胞になることが発見した. この発見は,上皮細胞の可塑性,およびマイクロ環境のシグナルの影響を明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学
背景:
- 甲状腺は,T細胞の発達 (甲状腺形成) と自己耐性の確立に不可欠です.
- 甲状腺上皮細胞 (TECs) は,甲状腺形成に不可欠なユニークなネットワークを形成し,Airのような重要な分子を発現します.
- TECの同一性を維持するメカニズムと,髄膜における層状表皮質マーカーの起源は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- クロノゲンチーム性上皮細胞 (TECs) の可塑性および潜在性を調査する.
- 皮質細胞の運命を指示するマイクロ環境のヒントの役割を理解する.
- 細胞の微分化における生殖層の境界を横断する可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- ネズミのチムスからクローノジェニックTECを分離し,広範囲に培養する.
- TECの胸膜上皮ネットワークに統合し,MHC IIとAireを表現する能力の評価.
- 培養されたTECを誘導性皮膚マイクロ環境に暴露して,運命の変化を観察する.
- 細胞運命をリダイレクトすることと相関する遺伝子発現の変化の分析.
主要な成果:
- クロノゲン型TECの集団が特定され,培養され,重要なチム特性を保持しました.
- これらのTECは,毛皮の多能幹幹細胞の運命を不可逆的に採用する可能性がある.
- 皮膚の微環境への曝露は,細胞の運命をリダイレクトする,重要な遺伝子発現変化を誘発した.
- これは,微小環境のシグナルが,胚層全体で上皮細胞の運命を変化させることができることを示しています.
結論:
- マイクロ環境のシグナルは,原始的な生殖層の境界を越えても,上皮細胞の運命をリダイレクトするのに十分です.
- この研究は,TECの驚くべき可塑性と,効力を高める可能性を示しています.
- この発見は,細胞運命を決定し,生殖層の制限に関する伝統的な見解に異議を唱えている.
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