mRNA 5'-end cappingの品質管理メカニズムを特定する
Xinfu Jiao1, Song Xiang, Chanseok Oh
1Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
Nature
|August 31, 2010
まとめ
酵母Rai1タンパク質は,メッセンジャーRNAから異常な5'-end cap構造を取り除き,mRNAの完全性に対する品質管理メカニズムを明らかにします. このプロセスは,適切なmRNAキャピングと安定性を保証します.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- RNA 生物学 RNA 生物学
- 遺伝子発現の規制について
背景:
- ユカリオットメッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) の5'端にある7メチルグアノシンキャップは,mRNAの安定性と翻訳に不可欠です.
- mRNA 5'-end cappingは,一般的に,特定の品質管理メカニズムのない構成プロセスと見なされます.
研究 の 目的:
- mRNAキャピングと品質管理における酵母Rai1タンパク質の役割を調査する.
- Rai1の脱皮活動とその特異性を特徴づける.
主な方法:
- Rai1のピロフォスフォヒドローラゼとデカッピングエンドヌクレアゼの活性性を決定するインビトロ検査.
- Rai1およびメチルトランスフェラーゼ遺伝子の欠陥を有する酵母細胞におけるmRNA安定性の分析.
- 栄養ストレス下におけるrai1Δ酵母細胞におけるmRNAキャピング欠陥の評価.
主要な成果:
- Rai1は,mRNAsからキャップ・ディヌクレオチド全体を除去する新しいデカッピングエンドヌクレアース活性を示しています.
- Rai1は,正規のDcp2酵素とは異なり,メチル化されていないキャップを持つmRNAを優先的に標的にします.
- rai1遺伝子の破壊は,キャップされているがメチル化されていないmRNAを安定させ,ストレス下での異常mRNAの蓄積につながります.
結論:
- 5'-end cappingは必ずしも完全なプロセスではないため,品質管理が必要です.
- Rai1は,異常な5'-end capsを持つmRNAをクリアする上で重要な役割を果たします.
- Rai1はmRNA品質管理経路に関与し,異常キャップ媒介的衰退を通して5'-endの完全性を確保します.
関連する概念動画
pre-mRNA Processing
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl guanosine). This 5’ cap helps the...
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl guanosine). This 5’ cap helps the...
Pre-mRNA Processing
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl guanosine). This 5’ cap helps the...
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl guanosine). This 5’ cap helps the...
Nuclear Export of mRNA
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps the cell...
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps the cell...
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability


