振動する遺伝子発現は,アラビドプシスの周期的な根の枝分かれに対する能力を決定する

Miguel A Moreno-Risueno¹, Jaimie M Van Norman, Antonio Moreno

¹Department of Biology and Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy Center for Systems Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|September 11, 2010

まとめ

植物の根は周期的に側面の根を形成し,枝前の部位を確立する周期的な遺伝子発現パルスによって導かれます. 植物におけるこの周期的なメカニズムは,動物に見られる分子時計と類似している.

科学分野:

植物発達生物学植物発達生物学
分子遺伝学分子遺伝学
根元開発根元開発

背景:

植物や動物は,モジュール型の発達単位を周期的に産生する.
植物の側根形成は,主根軸に沿って定期的に起こりますが,その根本的なメカニズムは不明です.

研究の目的:

植物における周期的な横行根形成を調節する分子機構を調査する.
枝前部位と根の周期性を確立する際に関与する遺伝子と規制プロセスを特定する.

主な方法:

将来の横根部位における周期的な発現パルスを視覚化するために,レポーター遺伝子を利用した.
ミクロアレイとプロモーター・ルシフェラーゼの測定を行い,根の先端の振動する遺伝子を特定しました.
発達の周期性における転写レギュレータの役割を評価するための遺伝学的研究を実施した.

主要な成果:

レポーター遺伝子の周期的な発現パルスは,横の根形成に先立つ,前枝部部部位をマークします.
枝前部での生産と根の折り畳みの両方が周期性を示しています.
根の先端で相反する相で振動する2組の遺伝子を特定しました.
特定の振動性転写レギュレータが発達過程の周期性にとって不可欠であることを発見した.

結論:

振動する遺伝子発現を含む分子メカニズムが,植物における周期的な横行根の発達を調節する.
このメカニズムは,ブランチ前部を確立し,根の折り畳み周期性に影響を与えます.
特定された分子時計のような特徴は,王国間の発達周期性において保存された原理を示唆する.

さらに関連する動画

09:41

Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification (TRAP) to Investigate Arabidopsis thaliana Root Development at a Cell Type-Specific Scale

Published on: May 14, 2020

10:29

Measuring Gene Expression in Bombarded Barley Aleurone Layers with Increased Throughput

Published on: March 30, 2018

関連する概念動画

01:17

Gene Regulation During Sporulation

Sporulation is a complex developmental process that allows certain Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium species, to survive extreme environmental conditions. This process is tightly regulated by a series of signaling cascades and transcriptional controls, ensuring the formation of a highly resistant endospore.Sporulation is triggered by unfavorable conditions, such as nutrient depletion, and is governed by a phosphorelay system. One of the sensor kinases, such as...

01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...

01:27

Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression

Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...

02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...

02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...

関連する実験動画