熱帯雨林のエアロゾールは,アマゾンの雲と降雨の生物学的核として存在します
U Pöschl1, S T Martin, B Sinha
1Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany. u.poschl@mpic.de
まとめ
アマゾンの雲は,汚染ではなく,天然のエアロゾールから形成されます. 酸化された植物ガスの微細粒子は雲の凝縮核を形成し,生物のより大きな粒子は氷の核を形成し,アマゾンの生態系にとって不可欠な雨を維持します.
科学分野:
- 大気化学 大気化学
- 気候科学 気候科学
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
背景:
- アマゾンは,気候が主に人為的なエアロゾールによって影響を受けない珍しい大陸地域です.
- 雨季の間,アマゾンの大気条件は工業化以前の時代と似ています.
研究 の 目的:
- アマゾンの大気中のエアロゾール粒子の構成と起源を調査する.
- これらの粒子が雲の形成と水学サイクルにおける役割を理解する.
主な方法:
- 微細な (サブミクロメートル) とスーパーミクロメートルのエアロゾール粒子の分析.
- 微粒子の化学組成と生物学的起源の調査.
- 自然環境におけるエアロゾールと雲の相互作用の評価.
主要な成果:
- 雲の凝縮核に不可欠な微細粒子は,主に酸化された生体ガスからの二次有機物質である.
- 氷核のように重要な超微小粒子は,主に熱帯雨林のバイオタからの主要な生物物質です.
- アマゾンは生地化学反応炉として機能し,生物圏と光化学が雲の核を生成する.
結論:
- アマゾンのエアロゾールと雲の相互作用は,汚染された地域とは著しく異なる.
- 天然のエアロゾールは,アマゾンの水循環を維持する上で重要な役割を果たしています.
- この発見は,原始の熱帯雨林の独特な大気過程を強調しています.
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