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A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
Published on: September 15, 2021
U1 snRNPは,プレ-mRNAを早期分裂とポリアデニレーションから保護する
Daisuke Kaida1, Michael G Berg, Ihab Younis
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6148, USA.
Nature
|October 1, 2010
まとめ
U1小核リボ核タンパク質 (snRNP) のノックダウンがスプライシングを阻害し,過早なポリアデニレーションを引き起こします. これは,U1 snRNPが暗号的ポリアデニレーション信号からトランスクリプトームを保護する上で,スプライシングとは独立した重要な役割を明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- RNA 生物学 RNA 生物学
- 遺伝子発現の規制について
背景:
- U1小核リボ核タンパク質 (snRNP) は,真核生物におけるスプライソーム組立に不可欠である.
- 人間の細胞は,他のsnRNPと比較して,U1 snRNPの豊富な存在を示しています.
- U1 snRNPの過剰量の正確な機能は完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- スプライシングにおける kanonical の役割を超えて,U1 snRNPの機能を調査する.
- U1 snRNPがヒトの細胞に豊富に存在する理由を理解するために.
- U1 snRNP.の潜在的スプライシング独立の役割を特定する.
主な方法:
- HeLa細胞における反感覚モルフォリノオリゴヌクレオチドを用いたU1 snRNPの機能的ノックダウン.
- ゲノム・タイリング・マイクロアレイは,蓄積された未配合のプレ-mRNAを識別する.
- U1 snRNPのノックダウン効果とU2 snRNP抑制の比較.
主要な成果:
- U1 snRNPのノックダウンは,mRNA前スプライシングを阻害し,イントロンの内の暗号的なポリアデニレーション信号で早期の分裂とポリアデニレーションにつながった.
- 早期のポリアデニレーションはU1 snRNPに依存しており,U2 snRNP阻害のみでは観察されなかった.
- U1 snRNA-pre-mRNAの塩基配列は,早期の分裂とポリアデニレーションを抑制するために重要でした.
結論:
- U1 snRNPは,トランスクリプトームを保護する上で,スプライシング独立の重要な機能を持っています.
- この機能は,暗号的な場所での過早なポリアデニレーションを防止することを含む.
- この研究結果は,U1 snRNPの過剰な存在が,この保護的役割と関連している可能性があることを示唆している.
関連する概念動画
RNA Splicing
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
RNA Splicing
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
pre-mRNA Processing
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl guanosine). This 5’ cap helps the...
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl guanosine). This 5’ cap helps the...

