ドセタキセル治療後に進行する転移性カストレーション抵抗性前立腺がんに対するプレドニゾンとカバジタキセルまたはミトキサントロンの併用:ランダム化オープンラベル試験
Johann Sebastian de Bono1, Stephane Oudard, Mustafa Ozguroglu
1Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK. johann.de-bono@icr.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|October 5, 2010
まとめ
カバジタキセルとプレドニゾンは,ドセタキセル後に進行する転移性カストレーション抵抗性前立腺がんの男性における全生存率を大幅に改善します. この組み合わせ治療は,ミトキサントロンとプレドニゾーンと比較して優れた有効性を示しています.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
- クリニック・トライアル 臨床試験
背景:
- カバジタキセル (Cabazitaxel) は,ドセタキセル耐性がんにおける抗腫瘍活性を持つ新種のタキサンである.
- 転移性カストレーション耐性前立腺がん (mCRPC) は,ドセタキセル治療後に進行することが多い.
- ドクテキセル後のmCRPCの代替治療法の評価は極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- カバジタキセルとプレドニゾンの効果と安全性をミトキサントロンとプレドニゾンの効果と安全性を比較する.
- ドセタキセルベースの治療後にmCRPCが進行する男性の治療結果を評価するために.
主な方法:
- 755人の男性を対象としたオープンラベルのランダム化第3相試験で,mCRPCがドクテキセル後に行われた.
- 参加者は,毎日の経口プレドニゾンと,3週間ごとに静脈内カバジタキセル (25 mg/m2) またはミトキサントロン (12 mg/m2) を投与された.
- プライマリエンドポイントは全生存期であり,二次エンドポイントは,進行症候群のない生存期と安全性であった.
主要な成果:
- 平均総生存期間は,カバジタキセル投与で15.1ヶ月,ミトキサントロン投与で12.7ヶ月 (HR 0.70,p<0.0001) でした.
- 進行のない生存期間の中央値は,カバジタキセルで2.8ヶ月,ミトキサントロンで1.4ヶ月でした (HR 0.74,p<0.0001).
- グレード3以上の有害事象には,中性不全 (82%カバジタキセル対58%ミトキサントロン) と発熱性中性不全 (8%対1%) が含まれていた.
結論:
- カバジタキセルとプレドニゾンは,mCRPCにおいて有意な臨床抗腫瘍活性を示しています.
- このレジメンは,ドセタキセルベースの治療の後,疾患が進行する患者の全生存期間を改善します.
- カバジタキセルは,この患者集団においてミトキサントロンと比較して,より効果的な治療選択肢を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Treatment Resistent Cancers
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Treatment Resistant Cancers
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Cancer Therapies
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Targeted Cancer Therapies
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...


