再生可能オイルからプラスチックのためのモノメアの生物合成
Wenhua Lu1, Jon E Ness, Wenchun Xie
1Polytechnic Institute of New York University, 6 Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 13, 2010
まとめ
エンジニアリング酵母は,バイオベースのプラスチックのための主要なモノマーであるオメガ-ヒドロキシ脂肪酸を生成します. このブレークスルーは,再生可能資源から持続可能なポリエチレンのような材料への費用対効果の高い経路を提供します.
科学分野:
- バイオテクノロジー バイオテクノロジー
- 合成生物学 合成生物学とは
- ポリマーサイエンスの科学
背景:
- オメガ-ヒドロキシ脂肪酸は,バイオベースのポリエチレンのようなプラスチックを作るのに理想的なモノマーです.
- これらの酸の現在の有機合成方法は,高価で非効率であり,大規模なアプリケーションでの使用を制限しています.
研究 の 目的:
- オメガ-ヒドロキシ脂肪酸の商業的に有効な生産のために,酵母菌株Candida tropicalisを設計する.
- 再生可能な原料から貴重な化学物質を生産するための持続可能なバイオカタリティックプラットフォームを確立する.
主な方法:
- カンジダ・トロピカリスの遺伝子工学は,16の遺伝子を特定し,削除することによって行われます.
- 標的の遺伝子消去には,サイトクロームP450s,脂肪アルコール酸化酶,アルコール脱水酸化酶をコードする遺伝子が含まれていた.
- 特定のP450酵素を発現することにより,様々な脂肪酸の効率的な酸化が実証されています.
主要な成果:
- エンジニアリングされたC. tropicalis. を使用して,オメガ-ヒドロキシ脂肪酸の商業的に有効な収量を達成しました.
- 脂肪酸の酸化効率を高めるために酵母菌株を成功裏に改変しました.
- 鎖の長さや不飽和度が異なる脂肪酸の酸化におけるこの株の汎用性を示した.
結論:
- エンジニアリングされたC. tropicalisは,オメガ-ヒドロキシ脂肪酸を生産するための有望なバイオカタリティックプラットフォームを提供します.
- このアプローチは,バイオベースのプラスチックの伝統的な化学合成に持続可能で費用対効果の高い代替案を提供します.
- 開発された酵母菌株は,再生可能資源から商品化学物質の生産を容易にする.
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