大気中のCO2:地球の温度を制御する主要な制御ノブ
Andrew A Lacis1, Gavin A Schmidt, David Rind
1NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025, USA. andrew.a.lacis@nasa.gov
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 16, 2010
まとめ
二酸化炭素 (CO2) は最も重要な温室効果ガスであり,地球の温度を維持するために不可欠です. CO2やその他の凝縮しないガスがなければ,地球は凍りつくだろう.
科学分野:
- 気候科学 気候科学
- 大気化学 大気化学
- 地球システム科学 地球システム科学
背景:
- 温室効果ガス (GHG) は,地球の温度を調節する上で極めて重要です.
- 水蒸気は豊富にあるが,凝縮ガスであり,主要因ではなくフィードバックとして作用する.
- 凝縮しない温室効果ガスは,水蒸気が大気中に留まるために必要な基礎的な温暖化をもたらします.
研究 の 目的:
- 気候に関係する最も重要な温室効果ガスである二酸化炭素 (CO2) の主要な役割を明らかにする.
- 大気温調節における二酸化炭素と水蒸気を区別する物理的メカニズムを説明する.
- 凝縮しないGHGが陸上の温室効果に与える重要な貢献を強調する.
主な方法:
- 大気ガス特性に関する物理的証拠の分析.
- 異なる温室効果ガスの放射性フォッシングの寄与の検討.
- 水蒸気や雲を含むフィードバックプロセスの評価.
主要な成果:
- 二酸化炭素 (CO2) は,気候に関連する最も重要な温室効果ガスとして特定されています.
- 水蒸気とは異なり,CO2は現在の温度では大気から降水しません.
- CO2を含む非凝縮型温室効果ガスは,温室効果の25%を占め,大気の状態を安定させます.
結論:
- CO2やその他の非凝縮型温室効果ガスの放射的強制は,地球の現在の気候を維持するために不可欠です.
- これらのガスがなければ,地球の温室効果は減少し,凍結した惑星になる.
- CO2の凝縮しない性質は,気候システムを維持する役割の鍵です.
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