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Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A Toolkit to Enable Hydrocarbon Conversion in Aqueous Environments
20:28

A Toolkit to Enable Hydrocarbon Conversion in Aqueous Environments

Published on: October 2, 2012

オキシゲン・アシスタント・アルコールのクロスカップリングにおける最適な選択性をゴールデンの上で達成する

Bingjun Xu1, Robert J Madix, Cynthia M Friend

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 28, 2010
PubMed
まとめ

この研究は,アルコールのクロスカップリングにおけるエステル生産の選択性を金面がどのように制御するかを明らかにしています. 重要な要因には,アルコキシ表面濃度とβ-Hの除去の容易さが含まれ,効率的な合成経路を導く.

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Crossed Aldol Reaction Using Weak Bases01:14

Crossed Aldol Reaction Using Weak Bases

This lesson deals with the crossed aldol reaction using weak bases. The self-condensation of an aldehyde having α hydrogen is prevented by adding it slowly to a mixture of formaldehyde and weak bases like hydroxide and alkoxide. Upon slow addition of the aldehyde, the base deprotonates the α carbon of the aldehyde to form the corresponding enolate. The enolate subsequently attacks the formaldehyde to form a single crossed product. Figure 1 depicts the aforementioned reaction.
Crossed Aldol Reactions: Overview01:04

Crossed Aldol Reactions: Overview

Crossed aldol addition is the reaction between two different carbonyl compounds under acidic or basic conditions. Here, both the carbonyl compounds function as nucleophiles and electrophiles. As shown in Figure 1, such a reaction yields a mixture of products, two of which are formed via self-condensation, while the remaining two are formed via crossed-condensation. Without adjustment, the reaction's usefulness in organic chemistry is decreased.
Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions02:15

Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions

Overview
The acid-catalyzed addition of water to the double bond of alkenes is a large-scale industrial method used to synthesize low-molecular-weight alcohols. An acidic atmosphere is required to allow the hydrogen in the water molecule to act as an electrophile and attack the double bond in an alkene. The addition of a proton to the double bond creates a carbocation intermediate. The proton preferentially bonds to the less substituted end of the double bond to create a more stable carbocation...
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide02:44

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
Aldehydes and Ketones with Alcohols: Hemiacetal Formation01:19

Aldehydes and Ketones with Alcohols: Hemiacetal Formation

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Oxidation of Alcohols02:37

Oxidation of Alcohols

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The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms: