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関連する概念動画

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans
07:53

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans

Published on: January 1, 2018

植物や動物の発達における表遺伝的再プログラミング

Suhua Feng1, Steven E Jacobsen, Wolf Reik

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 30, 2010
PubMed
まとめ

エピジェネティック再プログラミングは,DNA脱メチル化とヒストンの改造を含む,生殖細胞と初期の胚のゲノムをリセットします. このプロセスは,種間の発達,遺伝,および全能性において極めて重要です.

科学分野:

  • ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
  • 発達生物学 発達生物学について
  • エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス

背景:

  • DNAメチル化やヒストンマークなどの表遺伝的変異は,体細胞では一般的に安定している.
  • しかし,生殖細胞や初期の胚では,重要な表遺伝的再プログラミングが起こります.
  • この再プログラムには,エピジェネティックマークの全ゲノム規模の消去が含まれます.

研究 の 目的:

  • ゲノム全体のエピジェネティック再プログラミングのメカニズムを解明する.
  • 開発と遺伝におけるエピジェネティック再プログラミングの役割を理解する.
  • 異なる生物における再プログラミング戦略を比較する.

主な方法:

  • 5-メチルサイトシンへの改変を含むDNA脱メチル化経路の調査.
  • エピジェネティック消去に関与するDNA修復メカニズムの研究.
  • 小型RNAとヒストンのマーク遺伝の役割を分析する.

主要な成果:

  • DNAメチレーションを全ゲノムで消去するメカニズムが明らかにされています.
  • エピジェネティック再プログラミングは,インプリントとトーティポテンシー獲得などのプロセスに不可欠です.

さらに関連する動画

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency
07:08

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency

Published on: February 2, 2024

Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds
08:05

Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds

Published on: June 7, 2013

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans
07:53

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans

Published on: January 1, 2018

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency
07:08

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency

Published on: February 2, 2024

Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds
08:05

Efficient and Rapid Isolation of Early-stage Embryos from Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds

Published on: June 7, 2013

  • 小型のRNAとヒストンのマークは,表遺伝子遺伝と再プログラムに役割を果たす可能性があります.

    • 結論:

    • エピジェネティック再プログラミングは,繁殖と発達における基本的なプロセスです.
    • 植物と哺乳類の再プログラムにおける類似点と相違点は,多様な戦略を強調しています.
    • 再プログラミングの理解は,発達生物学から世代を超えた遺伝学まで,様々な分野において鍵となるものです.