イギリスにおける薬物有害性:多基準決定分析
David J Nutt1, Leslie A King, Lawrence D Phillips
1Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Imperial College, London, UK. d.nutt@imperial.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|November 2, 2010
まとめ
マルチクリテリア決定分析 (MCDA) は,アルコール,ヘロイン,クラックコカインを英国で最も有害な薬物として特定しました. この包括的な薬物有害性評価は,政策立案者や公衆衛生イニシアチブにとって貴重な洞察を提供します.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
- クリミノロジー 犯罪学
背景:
- 薬物乱用による害の正確な評価は,保健,警察,および社会福祉における英国の政策を明示するために不可欠です.
- 以前の薬物有害性評価は政策を明示してきたが,洗練された方法論は有害物質の差別化を改善することができる.
研究 の 目的:
- マルチクリテリア決定分析 (MCDA) モデリングを適用し,英国における薬物有害性の範囲を包括的に評価する.
- 異なる薬物による個人および社会に対する相対的な害を理解するためのデータ主導の枠組みを提供すること.
主な方法:
- 1日間のワークショップでは,薬物に関する独立科学委員会 (Independent Scientific Committee on Drugs) のメンバーと招待された専門家が集まった.
- 20の薬剤は100ポイントのうち16の基準 (9の個人有害性,7の他者有害性) で評価されました.
- 基準は,MCDAモデルにおける相対的な重要性を反映するために重み付けられました.
主要な成果:
- ヘロイン,クラック・コカイン,メタンフェタミンは,個人にとって最も有害な薬物として特定されました.
- アルコール,ヘロイン,クラックコカインは,他者にとって最も有害なものとしてランク付けされました.
- 全体的に,アルコールが最も有害な薬物として浮上し,ヘロインとクラックコカインが次いで,MCDAスコアに基づいて.
結論:
- MCDAのアプローチは,最も有害な薬物と最も有害な薬物との差異を高め,以前の研究を支援します.
- この研究は,現在の英国の薬物分類と害に基づく評価の間の相関が悪いことを強調しています.
- 調査結果は,薬物分類に関する政策決定が,包括的な有害性評価に基づいて行われる必要性を強調しています.
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