非A型,非B型肝炎およびC型肝炎ウイルスに対する抗体
J W Mosley1, R D Aach, F B Hollinger
1Transfusion transmitted Viruses Study (TTVS) Group, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Md.
JAMA
|January 5, 1990
まとめ
1970年代のサンプルのC型肝炎ウイルスに対する抗体 (抗HCV) の検査は,輸血に関連した非A型,非B型肝炎症例の約半数の原因を特定しました. 残された症例の中には,未確認のウイルスが含まれている可能性があります.
科学分野:
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
- 肝臓病理学 肝臓病理学
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 非A,非B (NANB) 型肝炎は,1970年代に輸血を受けた後の大きな懸念事項でした.
- NANB肝炎の病原体は,その時代に未確認のままでした.
- C型肝炎ウイルス (HCV) は後にNANB型肝炎の主な原因として発見されました.
研究 の 目的:
- 1970年代から保存された血清サンプルに,C型肝炎ウイルスに対する抗体 (アンチ-HCV) の存在を遡って評価する.
- その期間の輸血に関連したNANB肝炎症例におけるHCVのエチオロギー的役割を決定する.
主な方法:
- 輸血感染ウイルス研究 (1970年代) の貯蔵された血清サンプルを,抗HCV検査に用いた.
- サンプルには輸血を受けた患者と対照群が含まれており,NANB型肝炎またはB型肝炎ウイルス (HBV) 感染が文書化されている者もいた.
主要な成果:
- NANB型肝炎の輸血を受けた9人のうち3人は,抗HCV血清転換を示した.
- NANB肝炎とHBV感染の両方を持つ1人の輸血受注者は,抗HCV血清転換を示した.
- HBV感染の対照群および輸血受容者は,例外を除いて,一般的に抗HCV検査で陰性でした.
結論:
- 現在の抗HCV検査は,約50%の輸血関連NANB肝炎症例,特に慢性疾患の病因を説明しています.
- 抗HCV血清変換のないNANB肝炎症例は,まだ特定されていない他のウイルス剤に起因する可能性があります.
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