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関連する概念動画

Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
Toroids01:27

Toroids

A toroid is a closely wound donut-shaped coil constructed using a single conducting wire. In general, it is assumed that a toriod consists of multiple circular loops perpendicular to its axis.
When connected to a supply, the magnetic field generated in the toroid has field lines circular and concentric to its axis. Conventionally, the direction of this magnetic field is expressed using the right-hand rule. If the fingers of the right hand curl in the current direction, the thumb points in the...
Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field01:13

Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

The most common application of magnetic force on current-carrying wires is in electric motors. These consist of loops of wire, which are placed between the magnets with a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate, thus converting electrical energy to mechanical energy.
Consider a rectangular current-carrying loop containing N turns of wire, placed in a uniform magnetic field. The net force on a current-carrying loop...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers
13:44

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers

Published on: December 27, 2012

メタマテリアルにおけるトロイド二極反応

T Kaelberer1, V A Fedotov, N Papasimakis

  • 1Optoelectronics Research Centre and Centre for Photonic Metamaterials, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 6, 2010
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは,メタマテリアルの基本的電磁気刺激である多極型トロイドを観察した. これは,古典的電動力学におけるトロイド型二極の最初の直接的な実験的証拠を提供します.

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Fabricating Metamaterials Using the Fiber Drawing Method
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Fabricating Metamaterials Using the Fiber Drawing Method

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers
13:44

Simulation, Fabrication and Characterization of THz Metamaterial Absorbers

Published on: December 27, 2012

Characterizing Dissipative Elastic Metamaterials Produced by Additive Manufacturing
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Characterizing Dissipative Elastic Metamaterials Produced by Additive Manufacturing

Published on: June 28, 2024

Fabricating Metamaterials Using the Fiber Drawing Method
11:57

Fabricating Metamaterials Using the Fiber Drawing Method

Published on: October 18, 2012

科学分野:

  • 電磁気学は,電磁気学である.
  • メタマテリアル 科学 科学
  • 素粒子物理学 素粒子物理学について

背景:

  • トロ状多極は,電荷と磁気多極とは異なる基本的な電磁気刺激である.
  • パリティ違反に関与しているものの,古典的電動力学における直接的な実験的証拠は欠けている.
  • トロイド状対称性は,自然界のシステム,特にマクロ分子レベルで一般的です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 古典的電動力学における多極型多極体の存在に対する直接的な実験的証拠を提供すること.
  • トロイド型二極にのみ帰属する共鳴電磁反応を証明する.
  • 人工系と自然系の両方で多極型多極体の潜在的重要性を強調する.

主な方法:

  • エンジニアリングメタマテリアルの製造と特徴付け.
  • メタマテリアルの共鳴電磁反応の測定.
  • 負荷と磁気多極貢献から区別するために応答の分析.

主要な成果:

  • メタマテリアルにおける明確な共鳴電磁反応の観測.
  • 観測された反応は,従来の電荷または磁気多極で説明できない.
  • この反応は,トロイド型二極刺激の存在にのみ起因していた.

結論:

  • この実験は,古典的電動力学における多角形二極刺激の最初の直接的な証拠を提供します.
  • メタマテリアルは,タロイド状反応を示すように設計され,電磁的応用のための新しい道を開くことができます.
  • トロイド型多極体は,以前認識されていたよりも,特にマクロ分子において,自然系においてより重要な役割を果たす可能性がある.