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トランジント・ミドル・エオセンの大気中のCO2と気温変動
Peter K Bijl1, Alexander J P Houben, Stefan Schouten
1Biomarine Sciences, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD Utrecht, Netherlands. p.k.bijl@uu.nl
まとめ
中エオセンの気候最適期には,二酸化炭素濃度の上昇は,地球温暖化と相関していた. これは,二酸化炭素 (CO2) が一時的な気候変動の主要な原動力であることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは,古代気候学 (paleoclimatology) とは
- 地質化学 地質化学
背景:
- エオセンの時代は温暖で,しばしば大気中の二酸化炭素 (CO2) の高さに関連していた.
- CO2と短期的な気候変動の間の直接的な関連は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 大気中のCO2と,中エオセンの気候最適期 (MECO) 時の気温との関係を調査する.
- 暫定的な地球温暖化イベント中の気候ダイナミクスを再構築する.
主な方法:
- 海洋表面温度 (SST) を再構築するために有機分子古熱測定法を使用しました.
- 二酸化炭素 (pCO2) の大気部分圧力 (pCO2) の再構築を開発した.
主要な成果:
- 南西太平洋のSSTは,MECO.期間中に3°から6°C増加した.
- 同時に,大気中のpCO2レベルは2~3倍に上昇した.
結論:
- MECOの間,上昇するSSTsと増加するpCO2の間の強い相関が観察されました.
- pCO2の上昇は,この期間に地球温暖化を促進する上で重要な役割を果たした可能性が高い.
関連する概念動画
Global Climate Change
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
Variation of Atmospheric Pressure
Change in atmospheric pressure with height is particularly interesting. The decrease in atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude is due to the decreasing gravitational force per unit area as we move away from the surface of the earth.
Assuming the air temperature is constant at a given altitude and that the ideal gas law of thermodynamics describes the atmosphere to a good approximation, one can find the variation of atmospheric pressure with height.
Let p(y) be the atmospheric pressure at...
Assuming the air temperature is constant at a given altitude and that the ideal gas law of thermodynamics describes the atmosphere to a good approximation, one can find the variation of atmospheric pressure with height.
Let p(y) be the atmospheric pressure at...
Isothermal Processes
A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature is called an isothermal process. Heat slowly flows into the system or out of the system to maintain thermal equilibrium. Processes involving phase changes like water evaporation into steam or freezing water into ice at a constant temperature are examples of Isothermal Processes.
An ideal gas can also undergo isothermal expansion or compression.
For example, consider 1 mole of an ideal gas inside an isolated cylinder at initial volume V...
An ideal gas can also undergo isothermal expansion or compression.
For example, consider 1 mole of an ideal gas inside an isolated cylinder at initial volume V...
Microbes and Climate Change
Microorganisms are pivotal agents in Earth's biogeochemical cycles, significantly influencing climate dynamics through their metabolic activities. These microbes modulate the levels of key greenhouse gases by both contributing to and helping mitigate climate change.Microbial Contributions to Greenhouse Gas EmissionsRising global temperatures accelerate microbial metabolism, which, in turn, speeds up the decomposition of organic matter. This process releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) through...
Conditions on Early Earth
Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
Conditions on Early Earth
Around 4 billion years ago, oceans began to condense on earth while volcanic eruptions released nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen into the primordial atmosphere. However, organisms with the characteristics of life were not initially present on earth. Scientists have used experimentation to determine how organisms evolved that could grow, reproduce, and maintain an internal environment.
