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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
10:32

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model

Published on: September 6, 2014

多能性と細胞再プログラム:事実,仮説,未解決問題

Jacob H Hanna1, Krishanu Saha, Rudolf Jaenisch

  • 1The Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. hanna@wi.mit.edu

Cell
|November 16, 2010
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

直接的な再プログラムにより,誘発された多能幹細胞が生み出され,表遺伝子の安定性に関する疑問が生じます. 分子および表遺伝子因子の理解は,インビトロ再プログラム細胞の潜在能力を実現するために不可欠です.

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Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions
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Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions

Published on: November 27, 2017

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency
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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
10:32

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model

Published on: September 6, 2014

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions
09:34

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions

Published on: November 27, 2017

Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency
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Reprogramming Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Pluripotency

Published on: February 2, 2024

科学分野:

  • 細胞を再プログラムする.
  • エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
  • 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学とは

背景:

  • 体細胞を誘発性多能幹細胞 (iPSC) に直接再プログラムすることは,細胞のアイデンティティに関する既定の見解に異議を唱える.
  • 異なる多能性状態は,内部および外部要因の影響で相互変換することが知られている.

研究 の 目的:

  • 細胞運命変換の分子および表遺伝的決定因子の理解における最近の進歩をレビューする.
  • セルラー再プログラミングの分野における未解決で論争の的だった問題を強調する.

主な方法:

  • 直接再プログラミングと多能性に関する最近の研究の文献レビュー.
  • 細胞状態の移行の基礎となる分子および表遺伝的メカニズムの分析.

主要な成果:

  • 転写因子の子宮外発現は多能性を誘発するが,表遺伝的安定性に関する疑問を提起する.
  • 証拠は,異なる多能性状態間の相互変換が可能であることを示唆しています.
  • これらの決定因子を理解することは,インビトロ再プログラム細胞の利用の鍵です.

結論:

  • 細胞の再プログラミングを制御する分子と表遺伝的景観を完全に解明するには,さらなる研究が必要である.
  • 論争の的な問題の解決は,iPSCsの治療的応用を前進させるために不可欠です.