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慢性疾患の予防を優先する:政治的プロセス
Robert Geneau1, David Stuckler, Sylvie Stachenko
1Elizabeth Bruyere ResearchInstitute, University of Ottawa, Canada. rgeneau@bruyere.org
Lancet (London, England)
|November 16, 2010
まとめ
慢性疾患は世界的なパンデミックですが,解決策の欠如ではなく,政治的意志が進歩を妨げています. 議論の枠組みを改め,資源を動員し,政治的機会を掴むことは,この健康と開発の危機に対処するための鍵です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 保健政策 保健政策 保健政策
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
背景:
- 慢性疾患 (心血管疾患,糖尿病,がん,COPD) は,世界的な健康負担を大きくしています.
- 既存の世界的および国家的な政策は,増加する慢性疾患のパンデミックに適切に対処していない.
- 効果的な低コストの予防戦略が存在しており,これは技術的ではなく政治的課題であることを示している.
研究 の 目的:
- 慢性疾患のパンデミックに対処する政治の失敗を分析する.
- 慢性疾患の政治的優先順位を高めるための戦略を特定する.
- 慢性疾患イニシアチブにおける開発機関の関与を強化する.
主な方法:
- 以前に社会運動で使用されていた,適応された政治プロセスモデルが採用されました.
- 分析は,慢性疾患に対する政治的行動の障壁と機会を特定することに焦点を当てました.
- 政治情勢の評価に基づいて戦略が策定された.
主要な成果:
- 慢性疾患のコントロールの失敗は,入手可能な技術的な解決策にもかかわらず,主に政治的な問題です.
- 議論を再構成し,資源を動員し,政治的機会を活用する3つのコア戦略が提案されています.
- 社会的決定因子と慢性疾患,貧困,開発の間のつながりに対処することは極めて重要です.
結論:
- 慢性疾患のパンデミックと闘うために,緊急の政治行動が求められています.
- 慢性疾患の予防を開発計画に統合することは,公平な人間開発にとって不可欠です.
- 世界保健イニシアチブと政治フォーラムとの戦略的関与は,進歩を促すことができます.
関連する概念動画
01:26Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention
Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
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01:30Preventive Healthcare Services
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01:20Lifestyle Factors and Health
Lifestyle factors play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing chronic diseases. Key elements, such as regular physical activity, a nutritious diet, and abstinence from smoking, can significantly enhance physical, mental, and emotional well-being while reducing the risk of several life-threatening conditions.
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
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01:30Primary Healthcare Services
Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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01:26Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
01:18Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II
The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
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