囚人の健康について
Seena Fazel1, Jacques Baillargeon
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK. seena.fazel@psych.ox.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|November 25, 2010
まとめ
世界全体で1000万人以上が投獄されており,精神疾患や感染症の罹患率は高くなっています. 刑務所は病気に寄与し,囚人の健康と釈放後の死亡率に影響を与え,健康改善イニシアチブに関するさらなる研究を必要とします.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- クリミノロジー 犯罪学
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
背景:
- 世界中で1000万人以上が投獄されており,この数値は過去10年間で約100万人増加しています.
- 刑務所の人口は,一般の人々と比較して,精神障害や感染症の有病率が高くなります.
- 自殺率と全因死亡率の上昇は,釈放後世界中で記録されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 投獄が病気に与える影響を調べる.
- 治療や後見療法の欠陥が有害な結果に与える影響を調査する.
- 囚人の健康を改善し,再犯を減らすための具体的なイニシアチブの役割を探求する.
主な方法:
- 囚人の健康と死亡率に関する既存の研究のレビュー.
- 収監者集団における病気の流行に関する疫学データの分析.
- 健康への悪影響と再犯に寄与する要因の検討.
主要な成果:
- 女性,高齢者 (55歳以上),青少年の場合,刑務所の人口の中で様々な障害の割合が高くなります.
- 治療とアフターケアにおける欠陥は,不良な健康状態と関連しています.
- 刑務所が病気や早死に与える全体的な貢献は,まだ十分に検討されていない.
結論:
- 刑務所は,精神障害,感染症,早死を含む健康上の重大な負担と関連しています.
- 女性,高齢者,青少年などの脆弱なグループには,標的を絞った医療介入が必要である.
- 囚人の健康を改善し,再犯を減らすことを目的としたイニシアチブを評価するために,さらなる研究が必要です.
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