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グリオブラストーマの幹細胞のような細胞の内皮分化による腫瘍の血管化
Lucia Ricci-Vitiani1, Roberto Pallini, Mauro Biffoni
1Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome 00161, Italy.
Nature
|November 25, 2010
まとめ
グリオブラストーマの幹細胞のような細胞は,機能的な内皮細胞を生成し,腫瘍の血管を形成することができます. この発見は,腫瘍の血管形成のための新しいメカニズムを明らかにし,グリオブラストーマ血管の重要な部分の腫瘍的起源を示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学
- 血管生物学 血管生物学
背景:
- グリオブラストーマは,高度に血管新生性の脳腫瘍です.
- グリオブラストーマ型幹細胞 (GSCs) は,腫瘍を維持し,より広範な分化潜在能力を有することがあります.
- 神経幹細胞は,内皮細胞に微分化することができ,神経と血管の区間間のリンクを示唆します.
研究 の 目的:
- グリオブラストーマ内の内皮細胞の起源を調査する.
- グリオブラストーマの幹細胞のような細胞が機能的な内皮細胞を生成できるかどうかを判断する.
- 腫瘍血管生成の新たなメカニズムを探求するためです.
主な方法:
- グリオブラストーマのサンプルにおける内皮細胞のゲノム解析.
- 内皮細胞培養条件下でGSCのインビトロ分化.
- 腫瘍の血管化を評価するために,免疫不全のマウスのGSCの異種移植.
- ネズミの異種移植におけるGSC由来内皮細胞の標的治療.
主要な成果:
- グリオブラストーマ内皮細胞の有意な割合 (平均60.7%) は,腫瘍細胞と同じゲノム変異を共有し,腫瘍起源を示しています.
- 内皮状態で培養されたGSCは,内皮のフェノタイプと機能を持つ細胞に微分化します.
- マウスにおけるGSCの異種移植は,主にGSCから派生したヒト内皮細胞で構成される血管化を示した.
- GSCに由来する内皮細胞をターゲットにすることで,異種移植では腫瘍の減少と変性が生じました.
結論:
- グリオブラストーマの幹細胞のような細胞は,機能的な内皮細胞に微分化することができ,腫瘍血管系に寄与します.
- この発見は,腫瘍血管新生のための新しいメカニズムを提示し,がん幹細胞が腫瘍血管を形成できることを示唆しています.
- この研究は,腫瘍内皮の大部分の潜在的腫瘍的起源と,その機能的関連性がグリオブラストーマの進行において重要であることを強調しています.
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