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Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...

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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans
07:53

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans

Published on: January 1, 2018

内生タンパク質に反応するRNAコントローラーで細胞の行動を再プログラムする.

Stephanie J Culler1, Kevin G Hoff, Christina D Smolke

  • 1Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 210-41, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 27, 2010
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者は,代替RNAスプライシングをターゲットにすることで,遺伝子発現を正確に調節するための新しいRNA制御装置を設計しました. この画期的な発見は,細胞の制御と再プログラムのための新しい合成生物学アプリケーションを可能にします.

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In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression
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In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression

Published on: March 29, 2019

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
09:26

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans
07:53

Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans

Published on: January 1, 2018

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression
08:54

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression

Published on: March 29, 2019

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation
09:26

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

科学分野:

  • 合成生物学 合成生物学とは
  • 分子および細胞生物学は,分子および細胞生物学である.
  • 遺伝子工学 遺伝子工学とは

背景:

  • 合成遺伝子ネットワークのエンジニアリングは,ネイティブの細胞構成要素とのインタフェースの難しさのために困難です.
  • 細胞の行動を制御するには,内生的な経路と相互作用できる正確な遺伝装置が必要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • ネイティブの細胞経路とのインタフェースの限界を克服するRNA制御装置の新しいクラスを開発する.
  • 特定の信号経路を検出し,細胞の行動を再プログラムできるデバイスを設計する.

主な方法:

  • 設計されたRNA制御装置は,代替RNAスプライシングの調節を通じて,タンパク質の豊富さと遺伝子発現をカップリングします.
  • ヒト細胞の核因子カッパB (NF-κB) とWnt信号伝達経路を通じたシグナル伝達を検出するために設計された装置.

主要な成果:

  • 新しい細胞行動を誘発するためにNF-κBとWntの信号伝達経路の再配線が成功していることが実証されています.
  • 病気のマーカーを非侵襲的な感知とリンクし,エンジニアリングされたRNAデバイスを使用して細胞の運命を再プログラムしました.

結論:

  • プログラム可能なセンシングアクチュエーションデバイスを作成するための汎用的な遺伝子プラットフォームを開発しました.
  • 合成デバイスとネイティブの経路をインターフェイスすることにより,細胞行動に対する自律的な制御を有効にしました.