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mTORC1は,断食によるケトゲネシスと,老化によるケトゲネシスの調節を制御する
Shomit Sengupta1, Timothy R Peterson, Mathieu Laplante
1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Nine Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
Nature
|December 24, 2010
まとめ
ラパミシン複合体1 (mTORC1) の機械的標的は,PPARαを調節することによって,断食中の肝臓ケトゲネシスを制御します. mTORC1を阻害すると,高齢の肝臓でもケトン生成が回復し,肝臓の老化におけるケトンの役割が明らかになる.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- メタボリック調節 メタボリック調節
- 生理学 生理学とは
背景:
- ラパミシン複合体1 (mTORC1) 経路のメカニスティックターゲットは,栄養素の利用可能性に基づいて細胞の成長を調節します.
- mTORC1の細胞機能は知られているが,肝臓の生理学,特に断食中のインビヴォの役割はあまり理解されていない.
- ホメオスタシスの維持における肝臓の役割には,断食中のエネルギーのためのケトンボディの生産が含まれます.
研究 の 目的:
- 断食への反応として肝臓ケトゲネシスの調節におけるmTORC1の役割を調査する.
- mTORC1がケトン体産生に影響を与える分子メカニズムを解明する.
- mTORC1のシグナル伝達,老化,および肝機能の関連性を調査する.
主な方法:
- mTORC1コンポーネント (TSC1,ラプター) の肝臓特異的な遺伝子操作を用いたマウスモデルを使用した.
- 肝臓のサイズ,ケトン体産生,ケトゲン遺伝子の発現を断食状態と栄養状態で評価した.
- ケトゲネシスの調節におけるmTORC1,PPARα,およびNCoR1の相互作用を調査した.
- 高齢マウスのmTORC1シグナル伝達とケトゲネシスを調べました.
主要な成果:
- TSC1 (mTORC1阻害体) の喪失は,断食耐性肝臓の成長とケトゲネシスの障害を引き起こしました.
- ラプター (mTORC1コンポーネント) の喪失は,ケトゲネシスを強化し,反対の効果をもたらしました.
- mTORC1の抑制は,断食によるPPARα活性化とケトゲン遺伝子発現に不可欠でした.
- 過剰活性 mTORC1 の条件で NCoR1 再活性化ケトゲネシスの抑制.
- 老いた肝臓は,mTORC1信号伝達の増加に関連したケトゲネシスの障害を示した.
- mTORC1の阻害は,ケトゲネシスの年齢関連の欠陥を予防しました.
結論:
- mTORC1は肝臓ケトゲネシスとPPARαの活性を決定的に調節する.
- mTORC1のシグナリングは,年齢に関連した肝機能の低下において重要な役割を果たします.
- mTORC1をターゲットにすることで,老化する肝臓における代謝機能障害に対する治療戦略を提供することができる.
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