Hsp90と環境ストレスは,自然遺伝的多様性の適応価値を変化させます

Daniel F Jarosz¹, Susan Lindquist

¹Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 6, 2011

まとめ

環境ストレスの影響を受けたHsp90タンパク質は,遺伝的および表型的多様性を結びつけ,静止状態と急速な多様化を促します. このメカニズムは,遺伝的多様性の適応的価値を明らかにし,ゲノム進化を形作る.

科学分野:

進化生物学の進化生物学について
遺伝学遺伝学とは
分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

種は,急速な多様化によって絶え間ない長い停滞期を示します.
熱ショックタンパク質90 (Hsp90) のタンパク質折りたたみ貯蔵庫は,遺伝的多様性を,環境ストレスによる現象型多様性と結びつけると仮定されている.
Hsp90に依存する特性の適応的価値と性質は不明である.

研究の目的:

Hsp90が遺伝子変異を現象的特徴と結びつける役割について調査する.
異なった酵母集団におけるHsp90-contingent特性の適応値を決定する.
環境ストレスがHsp90媒介の表型変化にどのように影響するかを理解する.

主な方法:

生態学的に,遺伝的に多様な酵母菌群を研究した.
Hsp90.0による影響を受けた特性を調べた.
適用された温度ストレスとHsp90.0の選択的阻害
分析された遺伝的変異は,コーディングと規制配列を含む.
評価されたゲノタイプ-フェノタイプ相関.

主要な成果:

Hsp90-contingentの特徴は,酵母に共通しており,しばしば適応性がある.
ほとんどの適応性特性は,既にある遺伝的多様性から生じる.
温度ストレスは同様の現象的変化を引き起こします.
Hsp90阻害と温度ストレスの両方が,遺伝子型-フェノタイプ相関性を高めます.
Hsp90システムは,遺伝的変異の適応価値に影響を与えます.

結論:

Hsp90系は,遺伝的変異の適応的価値を媒介する上で重要な役割を果たしています.
環境的ストレスとHsp90の活動は,表型的特徴を明らかにまたは修正することによって,進化的変化を促進することができます.
このメカニズムは,現存するゲノムの進化に大きな影響を与えました.

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