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関連する概念動画

Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry01:27

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A planar symmetry of charge density is obtained when charges are uniformly spread over a large flat surface. In planar symmetry, all points in a plane parallel to the plane of charge are identical with respect to the charges. Suppose the plane of the charge distribution is the xy-plane, and the electric field at a space point P with coordinates (x, y, z) is to be determined. Since the charge density is the same at all (x, y) - coordinates in the z = 0 plane, by symmetry, the electric field at P...
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Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Point, Line and Plane Defects01:25

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Point, Line and Plane Defects

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A perfect crystal, in theory, has a uniform structure with the same unit cell and lattice points throughout. However, any deviation from this periodic arrangement is known as an imperfection or defect. These defects can be categorized into three types: point, line, and plane defects.Point defects occur when there is a deviation from the ideal due to missing atoms, displaced atoms, or additional atoms. These imperfections might occur due to imperfect packing during crystallization or because of...
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Atom Probe Tomography Studies on the CuIn,GaSe2 Grain Boundaries
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単層グラフェン原子パッチワークキルトの粒と粒の境界

Pinshane Y Huang1, Carlos S Ruiz-Vargas, Arend M van der Zande

  • 1School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.

Nature
|January 7, 2011
PubMed
まとめ

大規模なグラフェン生産は,避けられない穀物境界につながります. 新しい顕微鏡では,これらの境界線が機械的強度を弱めながらも,電気的性質に最小限の影響を及ぼし,2Dの材料制御の洞察を提供することを明らかにしています.

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科学分野:

  • 材料科学 材料科学とは
  • 凝縮物質物理学 凝縮物質物理学
  • ナノテクノロジー ナノテクノロジー

背景:

  • 多結晶材料の性質は,粒子のサイズと粒子の境界構造によって決定されます.
  • これらの効果は,グラフェンなどの2D材料で増幅され,その欠陥が結晶構造を大幅に破壊します.
  • 化学蒸気堆積による大規模なグラフェン生産は,多結晶性を一般的な特徴にしています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 大規模ポリクリスタリングラフェンの粒子の境界の原子構造と性質を調査する.
  • グラフェンの原子解像度とマクロスコピック粒子の間の長さスケールのギャップを埋めるために.
  • 粒子の境界構造とグラフェン膜の機械的,電気的性質を相関させるため.

主な方法:

  • 原子解像度の伝送電子顕微鏡 (TEM) と difraktion-filtered imagingの組み合わせを用いた.
  • 粒子の境界の正確な位置と原子の配置を決定しました.
  • 何百もの粒と境界をマッピングし,その位置,方向,形状を特徴付けました.
  • スキャニングプローブとトランスポートの測定値と相関した顕微鏡データ.

主要な成果:

  • ペンタゴン-ヘプタゴン原子のペアを,グラフェン粒子を縫うための支配的な構造として特定した.
  • 傾き境界でつながった粒子の複雑で予想外にも小さなパッチワークを明らかにしました.
  • 粒子の境界がグラフェンの機械的強度を大幅に低下させることを実証した.
  • グラフェンの電気的性質は,これらの粒子の境界によって劇的に変化しないことが観察されました.

結論:

  • 先進的なTEM技術は,複数の長さスケールにおけるグラフェン粒子の構造の詳細な特徴づけを可能にします.
  • グラフェン粒子の境界は,機械的整合性を弱めながら,電気伝導性に限られた影響を及ぼします.
  • これらの発見は,グラフェンおよびその他の2D材料の粒子の構造を理解し,制御するための基礎を提供し,実用的なアプリケーションを提供します.