アリスキレンとカルシウムチャネルブロッカーアムロディピンを併用して高血圧管理のための初期治療戦略 (ACCELERATE):ランダム化,並列グループ試験
Morris J Brown1, Gordon T McInnes, Cheraz Cherif Papst
1Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. m.j.brown@cai.cam.ac.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|January 18, 2011
まとめ
アリスキレンとアムロディピンの初期併用療法により,高血圧患者の早期血圧制御が著しく改善されます. このアプローチは安全で有効で,目標の血圧目標を達成するために,単独療法に優れた代替案を提供します.
科学分野:
- 心血管医学は,心臓血管医学である.
- 臨床薬理学 臨床薬理学とは
- 高血圧の研究 高血圧の研究
背景:
- 短期的な研究は,初期併用療法が血圧制御を強化することを示唆しています.
- エッセンシャル高血圧は,成人の人口の有意な部分に影響します.
- 早期かつ効果的な血圧管理は,心血管合併症の予防に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- アリスキレンとアムロディピンによる初期併用療法が,早期の血圧制御のための単一療法に優れているかどうかを評価する.
- 初期単一療法が後の併用療法の有効性に影響するかどうかを評価する.
- 併用療法が単独療法と比較して過剰な有害事象につながるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 10カ国の146カ所を対象としたダブルブラインド,ランダム化,並列群優位性試験.
- エッセンス性高血圧と静脈動脈圧が150〜180mmHgの間の患者 (年齢18歳以上) を登録した.
- アリスキレン,アムロディピン,またはアリスキレン+アムロディピンにランダムに割り当てられ,その後16〜32週間の組み合わせフェーズが続きます.
主要な成果:
- 初期併用療法では,単調療法と比較してシストリック血圧 (6.5 mm Hg) が著しく減少した (p<0.0001).
- 24週目に,グループ間のシストリック血圧低下の違いは1.4mmHg (p=0.059) であった.
- 離脱に至った有害事象は,グループ間で比較可能で,周辺の腫れ,低血圧,正静性低血圧が最も一般的であった.
結論:
- アリスキレンとアムロディピンとの併用療法による高血圧 (>150 mm Hg) の通常の初期低下が推奨されます.
- コンビネーションセラピーは,血圧管理における優れた早期の有効性を提供します.
- 初期併用療法の安全性プロファイルは受け入れられる.
関連する概念動画
Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of Calcium Channel Blockers
Calcium ions are essential to contract smooth muscle cells in blood vessels. They enter these cells through voltage-dependent calcium channels, specifically L-type calcium channels in the cell membrane. These L-type calcium channels are integral to the excitation-contraction coupling process in smooth muscle. When a stimulus is received by smooth muscle cells, their membrane depolarizes. This alteration in membrane potential instigates the opening of L-type calcium channels. As a result,...
Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications
Multiple classes of antihypertensive medications are employed in treating hypertension. The most commonly recommended first-line treatments include:Thiazide Diuretics, such as chlorthalidone, increase sodium and water excretion from the body, reducing blood volume and blood pressure.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, like lisinopril, block the conversion of angiotensin I to II, a potent vasoconstrictor lowering blood pressure.Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) prevent angiotensin II...
Antianginal Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers and Ranolazine
Angina pectoris, a primary symptom of ischemic heart disease, requires careful pharmacological interventions. In this context, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and ranolazine have emerged as crucial pharmacotherapeutic agents, providing deep insights into the complexities of angina management.
CCBs, a diverse class that includes dihydropyridines (nifedipine) and diphenylalkylamines (verapamil and diltiazem), exert their effect by blocking calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle cells. This...
CCBs, a diverse class that includes dihydropyridines (nifedipine) and diphenylalkylamines (verapamil and diltiazem), exert their effect by blocking calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle cells. This...
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a hormone called angiotensin II plays a crucial role. It binds to the AT1 receptors in vascular smooth muscles coupled with Gq proteins. The activation of these receptors activates an enzyme called phospholipase C, which releases two molecules: inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. These molecules cause a chain reaction that leads to the phosphorylation of myosin light chains and promotes interaction between actin and myosin, leading to smooth...
