免疫グロブリン重鎖VDJ遺伝子の体的多様化:ウサギにおける体的遺伝子変換の証拠
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois 60153.
Cell
|November 30, 1990
まとめ
ウサギは,単一の生殖線免疫グロブリンVH遺伝子を用いて抗体多様性を生み出します. ソマティック遺伝子変換は,これらの遺伝子の多様化に重要な役割を果たし,哺乳類における明確な証拠を提供します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- ウサギは,抗体生成のために単一の生殖線免疫グロブリンVH遺伝子 (VH1) を利用することを強く好む.
- この好ましい使用は,ウサギの抗体多様性を駆動するメカニズムについて疑問を投げかけます.
研究 の 目的:
- ウサギにおける抗体多様性生成のメカニズムを調査する.
- VH1遺伝子の多様化における体性遺伝子変換の役割を決定する.
主な方法:
- ウサギのVH1遺伝子再配列のクローニングとシーケンシング.
- 再編成されたVH1配列と生殖線VH1配列の比較分析.
- 遺伝子変換イベントを特定するために,潜在的なドナーVH遺伝子のデータベース検索.
主要な成果:
- 多様なVH1遺伝子再配列における挿入や消去を含む,ニュクレオチド変化のクラスターを特定した.
- 遺伝子の変換を示唆する5つの多様化した領域の潜在的なドナーVH遺伝子が見つかりました.
- 哺乳類のVDJ遺伝子における体性遺伝子変換の明確な証拠を提供した.
結論:
- ソマティック遺伝子変換は,ウサギの抗体多様性を生み出す主要なメカニズムです.
- これらの発見は,哺乳類のVDJ遺伝子多様化における体性遺伝子変換の役割に関する重要な証拠を提供します.
さらに関連する動画
15:07VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma
Published on: December 28, 2015
09:35Analysis of Somatic Hypermutation in the JH4 intron of Germinal Center B cells from Mouse Peyer's Patches
Published on: April 20, 2021
関連する概念動画
02:08Gene Conversion
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
01:14Rab Proteins
Rab proteins constitute the largest family of monomeric GTPases, of which 70 members are present in humans. Rab proteins and their effectors regulate consecutive stages of vesicle transport such as vesicle transport, docking, and fusion to the correct recipient membrane.
Rab proteins switch between a cytosolic, GDP-bound inactive state and a membrane-anchored, GTP-bound active state. By themselves, Rabs show slow rates of GDP/GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Thus, Rab proteins are considered...
Rab proteins switch between a cytosolic, GDP-bound inactive state and a membrane-anchored, GTP-bound active state. By themselves, Rabs show slow rates of GDP/GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Thus, Rab proteins are considered...
02:37Gene Duplication and Divergence
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are characterized.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are characterized.
02:32Exon Recombination
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon has three reading...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon has three reading...
02:08Gene Conversion
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...