ボードゲーム専門家の直感的なベスト・ネクスト・ムーブ・ジェネレーションの神経基盤
Xiaohong Wan1, Hironori Nakatani, Kenichi Ueno
1Cognitive Brain Mapping Laboratory, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 22, 2011
まとめ
コグニティブ・エキスパートは,自動プロセスに頼っています. 脳画像は,プロのショギ選手がプレクニュアスとカウダート核で特定の脳活動を示すことを明らかにし,専門知識のための神経回路を示唆しました.
科学分野:
- 認知神経科学は,認知神経科学である.
- ニューロ画像は,神経イメージングです.
背景:
- 複雑な認知作業の専門知識は,高速で自動的なプロセスに依存しています.
- 専門家のパフォーマンスの神経基盤を理解することは,認知科学にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- コグニティブ・エキスパートの優れたパフォーマンスの神経基礎を調査する.
- プロのショギ選手の自動処理に関連する脳領域を特定する.
主な方法:
- 機能性磁気共鳴画像 (fMRI) が使用されました.
- ゲームプレイ中にプロとアマチュアショギ選手の脳の活動を比較した.
主要な成果:
- プロのプレーヤーは,ボードのパターンの知覚中にプレクネウス (頭葉) のユニークな脳活性化を示した.
- プロフェッショナルはまた,急速な次なる動きの生成中に尾状核 (ベースガンリア) の特定の活性化を示しました.
- プロフェッショナルの関連タスク中にコヴァリエートされたプレクニュアスとカウダート核の活動.
結論:
- precuneus-caudate回路は,自動ボードパターンの知覚とshogiのエキスパートの次の動きの生成に不可欠であるようです.
- これらの発見は,自動処理を通じて高レベルの認知能力をサポートする神経メカニズムを強調しています.
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