細胞は機械的なストレスに反応し,洞窟の急速な解体によって反応する
Bidisha Sinha1, Darius Köster, Richard Ruez
1Université P. et M. Curie/CNRS UMR, Paris, France.
Cell
|February 8, 2011
まとめ
プラズマ膜のカベオラは,重要な膜貯蔵庫として機能します. 緊張を緩めるために機械的ストレスで平らになり,消失し,ストレスが解消されると再組み立てられます.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- バイオフィジックス 生物物理学
- メンブラン生物学 メンブラン生物学
背景:
- カベオラの正確な機能,すなわち特殊なプラズマ膜の浸透は,完全に理解されていません.
- カベオラは,機械的ストレスにさらされた細胞に豊富に存在し,機械伝導における役割を示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 細胞の機械的反応におけるケベオラの役割を調査する.
- 急性機械的ストレス下での洞窟のダイナミックな振る舞いを解明し,その後の放出.
主な方法:
- 細胞における急性機械的ストレス (オスモティック腫れ,単軸伸縮) の誘導.
- カベオラの動態,カベオリン/Cavin1の相互作用,およびプラズマ膜における自由カベオリンの測定.
- 細胞および分離されたプラズマ膜球体における牽引力の測定.
- 筋縮症患者のミオチューブの分析.
主要な成果:
- 急性機械的ストレスは,洞窟の急速な消失,洞窟素/Cavin1の相互作用の減少,そして自由な洞窟素の増加を引き起こした.
- 洞穴の平ら化と分解の緩衝膜の緊張は,アクチンとATPから独立して上昇します.
- ストレス解離誘発性アクチンおよびATPに依存した洞窟の再組成.
- 機能的な洞窟を欠いた筋縮菌管は,膜の脆弱性が増加したことを示した.
結論:
- 洞穴は生理学的膜貯蔵庫として機能し,急性機械的ストレスに迅速に対応します.
- 洞穴の分解と再組みは,細胞の機械的反応と膜修復における重要なダイナミックなプロセスです.
さらに関連する動画
18:25Live Imaging Assay for Assessing the Roles of Ca2+ and Sphingomyelinase in the Repair of Pore-forming Toxin Wounds
Published on: August 25, 2013
12.2K
07:49Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum
Published on: January 22, 2019
8.4K
関連する概念動画
Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles
4.4K
Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
4.4K
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation
4.0K
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
4.0K
Cell Motility through Blebbing
2.7K
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
2.7K
Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration
4.3K
Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
4.3K
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces
3.8K
In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue.
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
3.8K
Tension Response at Adherens Junctions
4.3K
The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...
4.3K
