DICER1の欠乏は,年齢に関連する黄斑変性においてAlu RNAの毒性を誘発する
Hiroki Kaneko1, Sami Dridi, Valeria Tarallo
1Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA.
Nature
|February 8, 2011
まとめ
目中のDICER1の減少
科学分野:
- オフタルモロジック (眼科)
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
背景:
- 地理性縮 (Geographical atrophy, GA) は,高齢化による黄斑変性症の進行し,治療できない形態であり,網膜の色素付表皮 (RPE) 細胞変性を引き起こします.
- GAにおけるRPE変性を引き起こす正確な分子メカニズムは,まだ完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 地理的縮に関連したRPE変性におけるマイクロRNA (miRNA) 処理酵素であるDICER1の役割を調査する.
- アルーRNAなどのレトロトランスポゾンRNAがGAの病原化に潜在的に関与する可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- GA患者のヒトRPEにおけるDICER1レベルを評価した.
- RPE変性研究のためにマウスモデルで条件付きDicer1アブレーションを用いた.
- DICER1のノックダウンが,ヒトとマウスのRPE細胞におけるAlu RNAの蓄積に与える影響を調査した.
- アンチセンセオリゴヌクレオチドを用いたAlu/B1/B2RNAをターゲットにする効果を調査した.
主要な成果:
- DICER1レベルは,GAを有するヒトのRPEで低下しました.
- マウスの条件付きDicer1アブレーションは,RPE変性を引き起こす.
- DICER1のノックダウンは,ヒトのRPEにおけるAlu RNAの蓄積と,マウスのRPEにおけるB1/B2RNAの蓄積につながった.
- Alu RNAはヒトGA RPEで上昇し,RPEの細胞毒性および変性を引き起こした.
- Alu/B1/B2 RNAを標的にするアンチセンセスのオリゴヌクレオチドは,Dicer1の枯渇によって引き起こされるRPE変性を防ぐことができました.
結論:
- DICER1は,レトロトランポゾントランスクリプトの劣化による細胞生存におけるmiRNA独立機能を有する.
- AluRNAは,RPEの病理に直接寄与し,GAの潜在的な治療標的を表しています.
- この研究は,失明の主な原因である地理的縮の新たな治療標的を特定しています.
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