高結晶性マグマ体を再動員し,均質化するための急速なメカニズム
Alain Burgisser1, George W Bergantz
1Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, CNRS/INSU, Université d'Orléans, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France. burgisse@cnrs-orleans.fr
Nature
|March 4, 2011
まとめ
新しいモデルは,粘着性マグマティックシステムがどのように急速に混合し,均質化し,大規模な火山体と火山噴火を形成するかを説明しています. この"解き放つ"プロセスは,結晶に富んだマグマの再加熱と再動員を伴う.
科学分野:
- 地球科学 地球科学 地球科学
- 地質学 地質学 地質学
- 火山学 火山学とは
背景:
- 大きなマグマ質体は,大規模な均質性と小規模の異質性を示す.
- 既存のモデルは,粘着性があり,結晶に富んだマグマの急速な混合を説明するために苦労しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 磁気系における矛盾する観測を説明する統一されたメカニズムを提案する.
- ダイナミックテンプレートを通して,結晶に富んだマグマの急速な再動員を実証する.
主な方法:
- マグマの再動員 ("アンジッピング") の2段階のダイナミックモデルの開発.
- 再加熱,結晶性の低下,浮力層の形成を分析する.
- モデル出力の比較と過去の噴火データ (ピナトゥボ,モンセラト).
主要な成果:
- "解き放つ"モデルは,岩石材料の急速な転覆と混合をうまく説明しています.
- このモデルは,異なる年齢の材料と化学的区画の並列を考慮しています.
- 計算された解凍速度は,過去の噴火で観測された速さと一致しています.
結論:
- "解き放つ"メカニズムは,大規模なマグマ現象の統一的な説明を提供します.
- このプロセスは,プルトン形成 (地殻形成) と大規模なイグニムブライト噴火を理解するために不可欠です.
- 歴史的データによるモデルの成功は,多様なマグマティックシステムへの適用性を検証しています.
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