地球の深層マントルのレドックス凍結と融解は,炭素と鉄のレドックス結合によるものです
1Institut für Geochemie und Petrologie, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland. arno.rohrbach@gmail.com
Nature
|March 29, 2011
まとめ
炭酸塩による地表深層の融解が地球に起因している.
科学分野:
- 地質化学 地質化学
- ミネラル物理学 ミネラル物理学
- 地震学 地震学とは
背景:
- 沈下した海洋石層は,炭酸塩を深層マントルに運ぶことができます.
- 炭酸塩の存在は地震速度の異常とマントルの融解に関連しています.
- 上層マントルの融解の始まりは,しばしば小さな炭酸塩量によって引き起こされます.
研究 の 目的:
- 地球の深層の移行地帯と下層マントルの炭酸塩誘発の融解を調査する.
- マントルのリサイクル中に溶ける炭酸塩の運命を理解するために.
- 深い地幔の融解の形成を説明するために.
主な方法:
- 地球の深い環境をシミュレートするための実験的石油学.
- 融解の安定性と変換の分析.
- マントルの鉱物における酸化還元条件と鉄の種化に関する調査.
主要な成果:
- 炭酸塩の融解は,環境マントルでは不安定であり,深さ約250km以下ではダイヤモンドに変形します.
- "レドックス凍結"プロセスは,炭素をダイヤモンドとして固定し,Fe (((3+) を保存します.
- ダイヤモンドは,上方噴出中に保存されたFe (((3+) と反応し,~660kmと~250kmで酸化還元融解を引き起こします.
結論:
- 炭酸ガスの誘発による融解は,深層沈殿した石化圏で起こり得る.
- レドックス凍結とその後の融解は,深層の溶融生成を説明する.
- この過程は,マントルの異質性と深層の炭素循環に寄与する.
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