死産:どのように医療制度は母親と赤ちゃんのために提供することができますか?
Robert Pattinson1, Kate Kerber, Eckhart Buchmann
1Medical Research Council Maternal and Infant Health Care Strategies Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. robert.pattinson@up.ac.za
Lancet (London, England)
|April 19, 2011
まとめ
妊産婦と新生児のケアを拡大し,緊急産科ケアや梅毒治療などを行うことで,高死亡率の国では死産,妊産婦死亡,新生児死亡を大幅に減らすことができる.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 産婦人科と産婦人科を担当しています.
- 公共衛生政策 公共衛生政策
背景:
- 死産,妊産婦死亡,新生児死亡は,共通の原因があり,総合的な予防戦略が必要です.
- 保健システムレベルの介入は,産前死亡率と妊産婦死亡率を低減するために極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 死産予防のための介入の拡大の効果と費用対効果を評価する.
- 妊産婦と新生児の死亡率を低減するための重要な介入を特定すること.
主な方法:
- 緊急産科ケア,梅毒の検出と治療,先端の産前ケアに焦点を当てた保健システムレベルの介入の分析.
- 68の優先国における99%の介入範囲の潜在的な影響をモデル化.
主要な成果:
- 緊急産科医療は,死亡率が高い国において,死産,母性および新生児死亡率の減少に最も大きな影響を及ぼします.
- 梅毒の検出と治療は,中程度の影響を持つ費用対効果の高い介入です.
- 先進的な産前ケア介入は死亡率を低下させますが,コストが高くなります.
結論:
- 効率的な実装には,統合された,カスタマイズされたサービス提供パッケージが不可欠です.
- 重要な介入の99%のカバーを達成することで,年間110万件以上の第3四半期死産と160万件以上の母子および新生児死亡を防ぐことができます.
- 推定される追加費用は約109億米ドル,一人当たり2.32米ドルで,世界的な母子保健への費用対効果の高い投資を意味します.
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