死産:どこで? いつから? どうして? では,どうやってデータを有効にするのか?
Joy E Lawn1, Hannah Blencowe, Robert Pattinson
1Saving Newborn Lives/Save the Children, Cape Town, South Africa. joylawn@yahoo.co.uk
Lancet (London, England)
|April 19, 2011
まとめ
毎年何百万人もの死産が起きており,主に低所得国では発生しており,母子保健のモニタリングとデータ収集における重大なギャップを強調しています. 改善されたデータと分類システムは,世界の死産予防の取り組みにとって不可欠です.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 母親と子供の健康について
- 産前流行病学 産前流行病学
背景:
- 死産は,見過ごされている世界的な健康問題であり,主要な国際的な健康指標と目標から大きく除外されています.
- 2008年に世界中で推定265万例の死産が発生し,その98%が低所得国,中所得国で行われた.
- 格差は存在し,サハラ以南のアフリカと南アジアの農村部では死産率が高くなります.
研究 の 目的:
- 世界的に死産問題の目に見えないことと規模を強調するためです.
- 死産に関連する主要な人口統計的,地理的要因を特定する.
- 死産のデータ収集,分類,報告の改善を提唱する.
主な方法:
- 2008年の世界の死産推定値の分析,出生体重と妊娠年齢によって層分化.
- 死亡児の地理的および人口的分布の調査,都市環境と田舎環境の比較.
- 生死児に関する既存のデータ収集および分類システムのレビュー.
主要な成果:
- 2008年に推定された死産は265万件を超え,その98%は低所得国,中所得国にある.
- 死産率と,熟練した出産担当者のアクセスにおける,田舎と都市の大きな格差.
- 毎年推定で119万例の胎内死産が起きており,しばしば産科の緊急事態に関連している.
結論:
- 死産は,世界的に緊急に注目され,健康監視の枠組みに含まれる必要があります.
- 農村部における格差をなくし,産科医療へのアクセスを改善することが極めて重要です.
- 標準化された分類と改善された生命登録は,効果的な死産予防戦略に不可欠です.
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