タンパク質の酸化ダメージの顕微鏡分析:カルボニレーションがヴィリンヘッドピースの構造,動態,結合能力に及ぼす影響
Drazen Petrov1, Bojan Zagrovic
1Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, Vienna AT-1030, Austria.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 22, 2011
まとめ
タンパク質の炭基化,酸化的変化は,年齢や病気とともに増加します. 高濃度ではタンパク質の構造が不安定になり,ライシン/アルギニン残基を改変するとタンパク質の集積が強化され,老化に関連する疾患に影響を及ぼします.
科学分野:
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- バイオフィジックス 生物物理学
背景:
- タンパク質の炭基化化は,老化と神経変性や癌などの疾患に関連した重要な不可逆的な酸化変化です.
- 炭素化がタンパク質の構造,動態,および結合に及ぼす原子レベルの影響は,ほとんど不明のままである.
研究 の 目的:
- タンパク質カルボニレーションが,ビリンのヘッドピースドメインの構造,動力学,結合傾向に及ぼす影響を原子レベルで調査する.
- 特定のアミノ酸残基 (ライシン,アルギニン,プロリン) のカルボニル化がタンパク質の安定性と結合にどのように影響するかを調査する.
主な方法:
- クラシック分子ダイナミクスシミュレーションを用いて,ネイティブおよびカーボニル化ビリンのヘッドピース領域を研究した.
- 徹底的なシミュレーションは,炭化ライシン,アルギニン,プロリン残留物のすべての組み合わせをカバーしました.
- 効果を定量化するために,熱力学統合および分子水性潜在的アプローチが使用されました.
主要な成果:
- 高レベルの炭基化が,安定化要素を破壊することによって,タンパク質の構造を著しく不安定化し,展開するために必要です.
- リジンとアルギニンの残基の炭基化化は,水害性変異に相当し,固有の集積傾向を高めます.
- この増加した結合傾向は,原生および展開されたタンパク質状態の両方に適用されます.
結論:
- タンパク質炭基化が構造と動力学に与える影響は複雑で,重大な不安定化には高いレベルの改変が必要である.
- 炭基化化は,タンパク質の結合傾向を根本的に増加させ,年齢関連の病理に寄与する.
- 発見は,炭基化効果を研究するためにサイト指向型変異を生成する新しい実験戦略を支持する.
関連する概念動画
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Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
Protein Denaturation
The function of proteins depends on their native three-dimensional structure, which is dictated by the amino acid sequence of the specific protein. Folding of the polypeptide chain takes place under specific conditions that energetically favor the folded conformation. In contrast, protein denaturation occurs spontaneously under unfavorable conditions that disrupt the integrity of the folded conformation. Thus, the chemical and physical environment of a protein, such as significant changes in pH...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Protein Organization
Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence.
Protein Folding
Overview
Amyloid Fibrils
Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins. Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils.
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining, normally used to...
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining, normally used to...


