臨床的徴候と感染症の伝染の関係と,感染制御への影響
Bryan Charleston1, Bartlomies M Bankowski, Simon Gubbins
1Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory, Ash Road, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK. bryan.charleston@bbsrc.ac.uk
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 10, 2011
まとめ
牛における足口病の伝播は,予想より短い. 早期発見と迅速な介入が鍵であり,論争の的になる予防措置の必要性を減らす可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 獣医学流行病学 獣医学流行病学について
- 感染症のダイナミクス
- 動物保健 動物保健
背景:
- 感染症に対する反応性制御戦略は,症例の検出と隔離に依存しています.
- 症状が現れる前に発生した感染の割合は,コントロールの成功に大きく影響する.
研究 の 目的:
- 牛における口病 (FMD) の感染期および症状前感染率を実験的に決定する.
- 新しい伝播データに基づいて,現在の FMD 制御戦略の有効性を再評価する.
主な方法:
- 牛における足口病の実験的伝播研究.
- 感染期間を定義するために,ウイルスの流出と臨床徴候の測定.
- 臨床症状の前に発生する感染率の推定.
主要な成果:
- 牛の口腔炎の平均感染期間は1.7日と推定された.
- 動物は,臨床症状が現れた後平均0.5日後に感染するようになった.
- 臨床的徴候の前に発生する感染の割合は,体液中のウイルス検出によって予測される割合の半分未満でした.
結論:
- ウイルスの検出に基づいた口腔炎の感染性の現在の推定値は,感染の可能性を過大評価している可能性があります.
- 感染期間の短縮と感染性の遅れた発症は,早期発見と迅速な介入が,これまで考えられていたよりも重要であることを示唆しています.
- 論争の的だった予防的予防対策は不要になり,感染した動物の迅速な特定と管理に重点を置くようになった.
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