関連する実験動画
Updated: Jun 2, 2026
10:00
Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor
Published on: March 10, 2023
ハングマンによる水素生成 メタルポルフィリン
Chang Hoon Lee1, Dilek K Dogutan, Daniel G Nocera
1Department of Chemistry, 6-335, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 12, 2011
まとめ
新しいコバルトポルフィリンは,弱い酸から電気化学的水素生成を効果的に触媒化する. この触媒は,水素生成のための過剰ポテンシャルを低下させ,触媒の有益な"ハンガー効果"を披露します.
科学分野:
- カタリシス カタリシス カタリシス
- 電気化学 電気化学について
- 有機金属化学 有機金属化学
背景:
- 水素の生産は,クリーンエネルギーにとって極めて重要です.
- 水素の進化のための効率的な電気触媒の開発は,重要な課題です.
- ハングマン・ポルフィリンは,触媒的応用のためにユニークな構造的特徴を提供しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 電気化学的水素生成のためのコバルト (II) ポーフィリンの触媒活性を調査する.
- 触媒サイクルにおける異なるコバルト酸化状態の役割を明らかにする.
- 触媒効率に対する絞首刑効果の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- コバルトの電気化学合成と特徴付け (II) 絞首刑人ポルフィリン.
- ベンゾ酸とトシ酸を用いたアセトニトリルの電気化学的水素進化実験.
- 触媒中間物質を特定するためのスペクトロ電気化学分析.
主要な成果:
- コバルトのポルフィリンは,弱い酸から水素の生成を効率的に触媒化する.
- コバルト (II) 種は,弱い酸から H (II) の生成にのみ関わっている.
- コバルト (III) 種は,より強い酸に観察されていますが,H (II) 進化のためにコバルト (II) に還元する必要があります.
- 絞首刑効果は,水素生成のための過剰の可能性を大幅に低下させます.
結論:
- コバルト (Cobalt) のポルフィリン (porphyrins) は,水素生成のための効果的な電気触媒である.
- 触媒の構造と絞首刑の効果は,その高い効率の鍵です.
- コバルトのリドックス状態を理解することは,水素進化触媒の最適化に不可欠です.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
02:17Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
02:13Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the surface of...
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the surface of...
00:26Hydrogen Bonds
Hydrogen BondsHydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are...
01:26Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride
Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...
02:24Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
03:02Standard Electrode Potentials
On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...