関連する実験動画
Updated: Jun 2, 2026
12:47
Directed Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells towards T Lymphocytes
Published on: May 14, 2012
誘導された多能幹細胞の免疫性
Tongbiao Zhao1, Zhen-Ning Zhang, Zhili Rong
1Section of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0322, USA.
Nature
|May 17, 2011
まとめ
誘発性多能幹細胞 (iPSCs) は,自主療法に対する期待に反して,受容体における免疫反応を誘発することができます. この研究は,胚性幹細胞 (ESC) と異なり,iPSC由来細胞が免疫原性であり,臨床前評価が必要であることを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 再生医学は,再生医療である.
背景:
- 誘導性多能幹細胞 (iPSCs) は,自律的潜在能力があるため,再生医療の有望な源である.
- 一般的に,iPSC由来細胞は免疫耐性があると考えられていますが,その免疫性については厳密な検査が必要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 胚性幹細胞 (ESC) と誘導性多能性幹細胞 (iPSC) の免疫原性をシンゲニクマウスモデルで調査する.
- iPSC由来細胞が宿主体内で免疫反応を誘発し,その治療応用に潜在的に影響するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- テラトーマ形成アッセイは,アロジェニックおよびシンジェニックESCおよびiPSC (レトロウイルスおよびエピソーマル方法によって導出) を使用して実施されました.
- 免疫原性は,テロトームの成長,免疫細胞の浸透 (T細胞),組織損傷,および回帰を観察することによって評価されました.
- 全球的な遺伝子発現分析は,異なった発現遺伝子を特定するために,テラトーマに実施されました.
主要な成果:
- アロジェニックESCは拒絶され,シンジェニックESCは免疫拒絶なしにテラトーマを形成した.
- シンジェニックのiPSC (レトロウイルスとエピソーマの両方) から派生したテラトーマは,有意な免疫拒絶とT細胞浸透を示した.
- 遺伝子発現分析は,免疫原性に貢献するiPSC由来テロトーマにおける特定の遺伝子の過剰発現を明らかにした.
結論:
- ESCとは異なり,iPSC由来細胞は,シンジェニック受容体においてT細胞に依存した免疫反応を誘発することができる.
- 差別化されたiPSCにおける異常な遺伝子発現は,免疫原性につながる可能性があります.
- 患者特異的なiPSC由来細胞の治療用途には,臨床使用前に免疫原性の徹底的な評価が必要です.
関連する概念動画
01:06Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Somatic cells are...
01:13Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
01:13Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...
01:22iPS Cell Differentiation
The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
01:17Stem Cell Culture
Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
01:21EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research
Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...