肝臓と臓の運命選択におけるクロマチンの"前型"とヒストンの修正剤

Cheng-Ran Xu¹, Philip A Cole, David J Meyers

¹Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Epigenetics Program, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|May 21, 2011

まとめ

多能胚細胞は,静かな遺伝子マークの"前型"を有し,細胞の運命がどのように決定されるかを明らかにします. P300とEzh2によるヒストンの改変は,肝臓と臓の細胞の分化において重要な役割を果たします.

科学分野:

発達生物学発達生物学について
エピジェネティクスエピジェネティクス
幹細胞生物学幹細胞生物学

背景:

多能細胞の転写的に静かな遺伝子は,特定のヒストンの改変と調節タンパク質によって特徴付けられます.
細胞運命を制限された多能胚細胞におけるこれらのマークのメカニズムは不明である.

研究の目的:

ネズミの胚内皮細胞におけるサイレント遺伝子の調節要素におけるヒストンの改変を調査する.
これらのマークが肝臓と臓の細胞の運命選択とどのように関係しているかを理解するために.

主な方法:

マウスの胚内皮細胞の分離.
静かな遺伝子の調節要素におけるヒストンの改変の評価.
クロマチンのパターンと特定の酵素の役割の分析.

主要な成果:

肝臓と臓の運命選択の規制要素で明確なクロマチンのパターンが特定されました.
ヒストンアセチルトランスフェラーゼP300とヒストンメチルトランスフェラーゼEzh2は,細胞の運命決定を調節することが判明しました.
骨形態遺伝タンパク質シグナル伝達は,P300の採用に影響する.

結論:

マルチポテントの祖先は,クロマチンの状態の機能的な"前パターン"を示しています.
これらの発見は,発達中の細胞運命誘導を調節するための潜在的な標的を特定します.

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