原始的なヒト細胞における核細胞組織の決定因子
Anton Valouev1, Steven M Johnson, Scott D Boyd
1Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Nature
|May 24, 2011
まとめ
研究者らはヒト細胞とインビトロで核細胞の位置をマッピングした. 彼らは,ほとんどのDNAが柔軟な核細胞位置付けを持っている一方で,一部のサイトは固定され,配列の好みやその他の要因を通じて遺伝子調節に影響を与えることを発見しました.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
背景:
- 核細胞は,核細胞におけるDNAアクセシビリティと遺伝子発現を調節する基本的な染色体単位である.
- クロマチンの改造メカニズムは,プロモーターのような重要なゲノム領域における核細胞組織を制御する.
- DNA配列の好みは,核子の位置づけに影響することが知られている.
研究 の 目的:
- ヒトゲノムにおける核細胞組織の主な決定因子を特定する.
- 核細胞の位置づけにおける配列に基づくおよび核細胞以外の因子の相互作用を調査する.
主な方法:
- ニュクレオソームの位置をマッピングするために,ディープシーケンシングが採用されました.
- 実験は3種類のヒト細胞とインビトロで行われました.
主要な成果:
- 人間のゲノムの大半は,柔軟な核細胞位置づけを示しています.
- ゲノムのわずかな部分には,再現可能な位置にある核細胞がある.
- In vitroで位置づけられた部位は,細胞型に特異的な間隔を持つ核群配列をin vivoで固定することができます.
結論:
- 哺乳類の細胞における核体組織は,DNA配列の好みと非核体因子との相互作用の結果である.
- 特定のゲノム部位は,ニュクレオソームの位置づけのアンカーとして作用し,遺伝子調節に影響を与える可能性があります.
関連する概念動画
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02:33The Nucleosome
DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
01:19The Nucleosome
Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
01:12The Nucleosome Core Particle
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Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...