前頭前皮質のニューロンの自発的な制御から選択的注意
Robert J Schafer1, Tirin Moore
1Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 28, 2011
まとめ
レサス猿は,前頭目の領域 (FEF) のニューロン活動を制御することを学び,主に視覚的注意を向上させ,運動準備を向上させなかった. これは,自発的な神経制御が上から下への注意を助け,注意障害の治療に情報を提供することを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- コグニティブ・サイエンス コグニティブ・サイエンス
- 霊長類の行動
背景:
- オペラント・コンディショニングは,脳の領域におけるニューロン活動の自発的な制御を可能にします.
- この神経制御と認知機能の関連性は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- rhesus猿が前頭眼野 (FEF) のニューロン活動を自発的に制御できるかどうかを調査する.
- オペラントによって条件づけられたFEF活動の認知的関連性,特に注意と運動準備との関連性を決定する.
主な方法:
- FEFにおけるニューロンの発火率を制御するためにレサス猿を訓練するためにオペラントコンディショニングを使用しました.
- タスク中のFEF活動の行動的および神経生理学的相関値を測定しました.
主要な成果:
- 猿はFEFのニューロン活動を制御することを成功裏に学びました.
- オペラント主導のFEF活動は,主に選択的視覚的注意の強化と関連しており,眼運動準備とは関係なかった.
- これらの注意効果は訓練されず,行動的および神経生理学的に観察されました.
- 選択的注意は,自発的ではなく,自発的なFEF活動変動と相関しています.
結論:
- 自発的に誘発されるFEFニューロン活動は,特に上から下への注意制御と関連しています.
- 発見は,潜在的に注意障害を治療するために神経フィードバックを使用するための神経生物学的な根拠を示唆しています.
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