1-アミノcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (Ac3c) の単一のガス相構造について
Ana I Jiménez1, Vanesa Vaquero, Carlos Cabezas
1Departamento de Química Orgánica, ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 3, 2011
まとめ
研究者らは,1-アミノcyclopropanecarboxylic酸 (Ac(3) c) の3つのユニークなガス相構造を特定しました. 水素結合によって安定した,これまで観察されなかった"欠落したコンフォマー"が,非極性側鎖を持つアミノ酸で初めて検出されました.
科学分野:
- * 分子スペクトロスコピー
- * 量子化学について
- * 構造生物学について
背景:
- * 非タンパク質性アミノ酸は,生物学的システムにおいて重要な役割を果たします.
- * ガス相のアミノ酸の構成分析は,その固有の性質を理解するために不可欠です.
- * 1-アミノcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (Ac(3) c) のサイクロプロパンリングは,ユニークな構造的特徴を示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- *1-アミノcyclopropanecarboxylic酸 (Ac(3) c) のガス相構成を調査するために.
- * Ac(3) cコンフォーマーの水素結合パターンを特定し,特徴づけること.
- * サイクロプロパン環がアミノ酸構成に及ぼす影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- * Ac(3) c. を蒸発させるためのレーザーアブレーション
- *分子ビーム・フーリエ変換マイクロ波スペクトロスコーピーは,ガス相分析のためのものです.
- * 回転定数と核四極結合定数を予測し比較するための Ab initio 計算.
主要な成果:
- * Ac(3) cの3つの異なるコンフォマーが明確に特定されました.
- * 2つのコンフォマーが,コード化されたアリファティックアミノ酸に見られるものと類似しています.
- * 小説小説
- 欠落しているコンフォマー型は,
- N-H・O・H) 水素結合によって安定化され,非極性サイドチェーンを持つガス状アミノ酸で初めて検出されました.
結論:
- * Ac(3) cの独特の形状は,サイクロプロパン環とカルボニル群の結合相互作用の影響を受けています.
- * 検知する
- 欠落しているコンフォマー型は,
- アミノ酸の構成可能性に関する新しい洞察を提供します.
- * この研究は,ガス相におけるアミノ酸構造の理解を広げています.
関連する概念動画
01:28Structures of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
The three sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl carbon form three σ bonds, one each with the carbonyl oxygen, the α carbon, and the heteroatom, whereas the other two sp2 orbitals of the carbonyl oxygen are occupied by the lone pairs. Further, the unhybridized p...
01:16IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids
IUPAC names of carboxylic acids are systematically derived following a few rules discussed below.
For acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids, the longest hydrocarbon chain containing the –COOH carbon is identified as the parent chain. Then, the last -e of the parent hydrocarbon name is replaced with a suffix -oic acid.
For acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids, the longest hydrocarbon chain containing the –COOH carbon is identified as the parent chain. Then, the last -e of the parent hydrocarbon name is replaced with a suffix -oic acid.
01:16Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides
Naming Acid Halides
The IUPAC and common names of acid halides are derived from the corresponding carboxylic acids, by changing “ic acid” to “yl halide.” For example, as shown below, the IUPAC name ethanoyl chloride is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetyl chloride, is obtained from acetic acid.
The IUPAC and common names of acid halides are derived from the corresponding carboxylic acids, by changing “ic acid” to “yl halide.” For example, as shown below, the IUPAC name ethanoyl chloride is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetyl chloride, is obtained from acetic acid.
01:11Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles
Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
01:15Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Overview
Carboxylic acid derivatives are formed by replacing the hydroxyl group of carboxylic acids with a different functional group. The most common carboxylic acid derivatives are:
01:07Preparation of Acid Anhydrides
One of the methods for preparing symmetrical or unsymmetrical acid anhydrides involves the treatment of acid chlorides with the sodium salt of carboxylic acids. The reaction proceeds via a nucleophilic acyl substitution.
The carboxylate ion acts as a nucleophile that attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acid chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Subsequently, the re-formation of the carbonyl group with the loss of the chloride ion as a leaving group leads to the formation of an acid...
The carboxylate ion acts as a nucleophile that attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acid chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Subsequently, the re-formation of the carbonyl group with the loss of the chloride ion as a leaving group leads to the formation of an acid...