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10歳から24歳までの若者の世界疾病負担:体系的な分析
Fiona M Gore1, Paul J N Bloem, George C Patton
1Department of Health Statistics and Informatics, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. goref@who.int
Lancet (London, England)
|June 10, 2011
まとめ
10歳から24歳までの若者は,主に神経精神疾患や怪我による,世界的な疾患の重荷を大きく経験しています. 予防と青少年の健康状態の改善のために,公衆衛生への注意の増大は極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 青少年の健康について
背景:
- 若者 (10~24歳) は,世界人口の27%を占めています.
- 大切な健康問題やリスク要因は,青春期に現れ,将来の健康に影響を及ぼします.
- この人口集団の特定の世界的な疾病負担は,以前は知られていなかった.
研究 の 目的:
- 10歳から24歳までの若者の世界的な疾病負担を定量化するために.
- この負担に対する様々なリスク要因の貢献を特定する.
- 青少年福祉のための公衆衛生戦略を伝えるために.
主な方法:
- 2004年の世界保健機関 (WHO) の"疾病の世界的な負担"に関する研究から得られたデータを活用した.
- 推定障害調整寿命 (DALY) は,WHOの地域,性別,および5歳の年齢層によるものです.
- 特定のリスク要因に起因するDALYを決定するために,雇用された比較リスク評価.
主要な成果:
- 若者は,約2億3,600万件のDALY (15.5%の合計) を占めていた.
- アフリカは,最も高いDALY率を示し,神経精神疾患,意図しない怪我,感染症が主な原因でした.
- 主な危険因子には,アルコール使用,危険性のある性行為,鉄欠乏,違法薬物使用が含まれる.
結論:
- 青少年の健康は,青春期が健康的な時期であると認識されているため,しばしば見過ごされています.
- 若者の病気や怪我の予防の機会は十分に活用されていない.
- 疾病の負担を軽減するために,青少年の健康に公衆衛生の焦点を絞ることが推奨されています.
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